strychnine

简明释义

英[ˈstrɪkniːn]美[ˈstrɪkniːn]

n. 士的宁；番木鳖碱

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Working with Pelletier, he isolated quinine, strychnine, brucine, cinchonine, veratrine, and colchicine, some of which became widely used as drugs.

他与佩尔蒂埃合作，分离出了奎宁、土的宁、番禾鳖宁、弱金鸡钠碱和秋水仙碱，其中一些被作为药物广泛使用。

2.Working with Pelletier, he isolated quinine, strychnine, brucine, cinchonine, veratrine, and colchicine, some of which became widely used as drugs.

他与佩尔蒂埃合作，分离出了奎宁、土的宁、番禾鳖宁、弱金鸡钠碱和秋水仙碱，其中一些被作为药物广泛使用。

3.Someone must have laced my cigars with strychnine.

肯定有人在我的雪茄中加了少量的土的宁。

4.Strychnine is used to kill rodents and pyrrolizidine alkaloids have significant activity against microbes.

士的宁用于杀灭啮齿动物，而吡咯里西啶类生物碱则具有较强的杀菌活性。

5.In a shocking twist, the poison used in the plot was identified as strychnine.

在一个令人震惊的转折中，阴谋中使用的毒药被确认是士的宁。

6.During the trial, evidence showed that the victim had ingested strychnine before their death.

在审判期间，证据显示受害者在死前摄入了士的宁。

7.Farmers were warned about the dangers of using strychnine作为一种老鼠药。

农民们被警告不要使用士的宁作为老鼠药，因为它非常危险。

8.The scientist conducted experiments to understand how strychnine影响神经系统。

科学家进行了实验，以了解士的宁如何影响神经系统。

9.The detective found traces of strychnine在犯罪现场，揭示了谋杀的真相。

侦探在犯罪现场发现了士的宁的痕迹，揭示了谋杀的真相。

作文

Strychnine is a highly toxic alkaloid that is known for its use as a pesticide and its historical significance in the field of medicine. It is derived from the seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica tree, which is native to Southeast Asia and Australia. The chemical structure of strychnine makes it a potent neurotoxin that affects the central nervous system. When ingested, even in small amounts, strychnine can lead to severe convulsions and ultimately death due to respiratory failure. Historically, strychnine was used in small doses as a stimulant and to treat various ailments such as depression and lethargy. However, its use in medicine has largely been abandoned due to the high risk of poisoning and the availability of safer alternatives. Despite its dangerous nature, strychnine has found a place in some areas of research, particularly in neuroscience, where it is used to study the mechanisms of neurotransmission and muscle contraction. The mechanism by which strychnine exerts its toxic effects is primarily through the inhibition of glycine receptors in the spinal cord and brainstem. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating motor control and reflexes. When strychnine blocks these receptors, it leads to uncontrolled muscle contractions and spasms, which can be extremely painful and life-threatening. This property has made strychnine infamous in cases of poisoning, often associated with intentional harm or accidental ingestion. In addition to its toxicological implications, strychnine has also become a subject of fascination in popular culture. Its association with murder mysteries and thrillers has contributed to its notoriety. For instance, many fictional works portray strychnine as the poison of choice for cunning villains, emphasizing its lethal potency and dramatic effects. This portrayal has led to a general public perception of strychnine as a mysterious and sinister substance. Furthermore, the regulation of strychnine has become increasingly strict due to its potential for misuse. In many countries, the sale and distribution of strychnine are heavily controlled, and it is classified as a hazardous substance. This regulation aims to prevent accidental poisonings and limit its availability to those who may use it for malicious purposes. In conclusion, strychnine is a complex compound with a rich history that spans both medicine and toxicology. While its applications in modern medicine have diminished due to safety concerns, its role in scientific research and its cultural significance continue to captivate our interest. Understanding strychnine and its effects not only highlights the importance of safety in handling toxic substances but also serves as a reminder of the fine line between medicinal use and potential harm. As we advance in our understanding of neurotoxins, it is crucial to approach substances like strychnine with caution and respect, acknowledging both their historical significance and their dangers.

士的宁是一种高度毒性的生物碱，以其作为农药的用途和在医学领域的历史意义而闻名。它是从士的宁树的种子中提取的，这种树原产于东南亚和澳大利亚。士的宁的化学结构使其成为一种强效的神经毒素，影响中枢神经系统。当摄入时，即使是少量，士的宁也会导致严重的痉挛，最终因呼吸衰竭而死亡。历史上，士的宁曾被用作兴奋剂，并治疗各种疾病，如抑郁症和乏力。然而，由于中毒风险高以及安全替代品的可用性，它在医学中的使用已基本被放弃。尽管其危险性很大，士的宁在某些研究领域仍然占有一席之地，特别是在神经科学中，用于研究神经传递和肌肉收缩的机制。士的宁的毒性作用机制主要是通过抑制脊髓和脑干中的甘氨酸受体。甘氨酸是一种抑制性神经递质，在调节运动控制和反射中起着至关重要的作用。当士的宁阻断这些受体时，会导致不受控制的肌肉收缩和痉挛，这可能极其痛苦并危及生命。这一特性使士的宁在中毒案例中臭名昭著，通常与故意伤害或意外摄入有关。除了其毒理学影响外，士的宁在流行文化中也成为了一个引人入胜的话题。它与谋杀悬疑和惊悚片的关联增加了它的声名。例如，许多虚构作品将士的宁描绘为狡猾恶棍的首选毒药，强调其致命的效力和戏剧性的效果。这种描绘导致公众普遍认为士的宁是一种神秘而阴险的物质。此外，由于士的宁可能被滥用，其监管变得越来越严格。在许多国家，士的宁的销售和分发受到严格控制，并被分类为危险物质。这项法规旨在防止意外中毒，并限制其对可能出于恶意目的使用者的可用性。总之，士的宁是一种复杂的化合物，拥有丰富的历史，涵盖医学和毒理学。尽管由于安全问题，其在现代医学中的应用已减少，但它在科学研究中的作用以及其文化意义仍然引起我们的兴趣。理解士的宁及其影响，不仅突显了处理有毒物质时安全的重要性，也提醒我们在药用和潜在危害之间的微妙界限。随着我们对神经毒素理解的深入，谨慎和尊重地对待像士的宁这样的物质至关重要，承认它们的历史意义和危险性。