introns

简明释义

英[ˈɪntrɒnz]美[ˈɪntrɒnz]

n. [生化][遗]内含子；基因内区（intron 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Theory that introns were introduced into eukaryotes after the lineage separated from prokaryotes.

认为内含子是真核生物在与原核生物进化谱系分开以后才开始有的理论。

2.The origin of non-coding sequences, especially introns, is an outstanding issue that has been receiving continuous debate for the last two decades.

非编码序列，特别是内含子的起源，是一个重要的悬而未决的问题。

3.The distribution, structural features and splicing mechanism of at AC introns are discussed and compared with major class of introns.

文章介绍了该内含子的分布，结构特征及剪接机理，并与主内含子作了相应比。

4.The genetic parasites that arrived with the ancestor of the mitochondrion began to replicate like crazy, littering the main genome with hundreds of introns.

古老线粒体上的寄生基因便开始疯狂进行自我复制，最终导致基因组上有成百上千的内含子。

5.Theory that introns were present in early life forms and were retained by eukaryotes, but lost by prokaryotes.

认为内含子在早期生命形式中即存在并被真核生物保留而被原核生物丢失的理论。

6.Messenger RNA (mRNA) does not contain introns, these being removed during the transcription process.

信使RNA中没有内含子，它们在转录后加工的过程中被切除了。

7.Some genes have very large introns (内含子), which can make them difficult to analyze.

有些基因具有非常大的内含子，这可能使它们难以分析。

8.Researchers discovered that certain introns (内含子) play a role in regulating gene activity.

研究人员发现某些内含子在调节基因活性方面起着作用。

9.During the process of gene expression, the presence of introns (内含子) can complicate mRNA splicing.

在基因表达过程中，内含子的存在可能会使mRNA剪接变得复杂。

10.In eukaryotic cells, introns (内含子) are removed from the pre-mRNA during processing.

在真核细胞中，内含子在处理过程中从前体mRNA中去除。

11.The study focused on how introns (内含子) affect the stability of mRNA transcripts.

该研究集中于内含子如何影响mRNA转录本的稳定性。

作文

In the world of molecular biology, understanding the structure and function of genes is crucial. One of the fascinating aspects of genes is the presence of regions called introns（内含子）. These segments are found within the genes of eukaryotic organisms and play a significant role in gene expression and regulation. Unlike exons, which are coding sequences that determine the amino acid sequence of proteins, introns are non-coding regions that are transcribed into RNA but are removed during the process of RNA splicing. This means that while introns are part of the initial RNA transcript, they do not contribute to the final protein product.The discovery of introns has reshaped our understanding of genetic information. Initially, scientists believed that genes were simply linear sequences of DNA that coded for proteins. However, the presence of introns suggests a more complex system of regulation and expression. For instance, the removal of introns allows for alternative splicing, a process that enables a single gene to produce multiple protein variants. This increases the diversity of proteins that can be generated from a limited number of genes, which is particularly important in higher organisms where complex traits and functions are required.Moreover, introns may have regulatory roles in gene expression. Some studies suggest that they can influence the timing and level of gene expression, acting as enhancers or silencers. This means that introns could be key players in determining how genes respond to various signals and environmental factors. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is essential for fields such as developmental biology and genetics.The study of introns also has practical implications in biotechnology and medicine. For example, when designing gene therapies or genetic modifications, scientists must consider the presence of introns and their potential effects on gene function. Additionally, certain diseases have been linked to mutations within introns, highlighting their importance in maintaining genomic integrity. As research continues to unfold, the role of introns may provide insights into new therapeutic strategies for genetic disorders.Furthermore, the evolutionary significance of introns cannot be overlooked. The existence of these non-coding regions suggests that they may have played a role in the evolution of complex life forms. The presence of introns varies among different species, indicating that they may have been subject to evolutionary pressures that shaped their functions. This leads to intriguing questions about the origins of multicellularity and the diversification of life on Earth.In conclusion, introns are more than just random sequences of DNA; they are integral components of the genetic landscape that contribute to the complexity of gene expression and regulation. Their roles in alternative splicing, gene regulation, and evolutionary processes make them a vital area of study in molecular biology. As we continue to uncover the mysteries of introns, we gain a deeper appreciation for the intricate web of life and the underlying genetic mechanisms that drive it.

在分子生物学的世界中，理解基因的结构和功能至关重要。基因的一个迷人方面是存在称为内含子（introns）的区域。这些片段存在于真核生物的基因中，并在基因表达和调控中发挥重要作用。与外显子不同，外显子是编码序列，决定蛋白质的氨基酸序列，而内含子是非编码区域，虽然在转录过程中转录为RNA，但在RNA剪接过程中被移除。这意味着虽然内含子是初始RNA转录的一部分，但它们不贡献于最终的蛋白质产物。内含子的发现改变了我们对遗传信息的理解。最初，科学家们认为基因只是编码蛋白质的线性DNA序列。然而，内含子的存在表明了一种更复杂的调控和表达系统。例如，内含子的去除允许替代剪接，这一过程使单个基因能够产生多种蛋白质变体。这增加了从有限数量的基因中生成的蛋白质的多样性，这在需要复杂性状和功能的高等生物中特别重要。此外，内含子可能在基因表达中具有调控作用。一些研究表明，它们可以影响基因表达的时机和水平，作为增强子或沉默子。这意味着内含子可能是决定基因如何响应各种信号和环境因素的关键角色。理解这些调控机制对于发育生物学和遗传学等领域至关重要。对内含子的研究在生物技术和医学中也具有实际意义。例如，在设计基因疗法或基因修改时，科学家必须考虑内含子的存在及其对基因功能的潜在影响。此外，某些疾病与内含子中的突变有关，突显了它们在维持基因组完整性方面的重要性。随着研究的不断展开，内含子的作用可能为遗传疾病的新治疗策略提供见解。此外，内含子的进化意义也不容忽视。这些非编码区域的存在表明它们可能在复杂生命形式的进化中发挥了作用。内含子的存在在不同物种之间有所不同，表明它们可能受到塑造其功能的进化压力。这引发了关于多细胞生物起源和地球生命多样化的有趣问题。总之，内含子不仅仅是随机的DNA序列；它们是遗传景观的组成部分，对基因表达和调控的复杂性做出了贡献。它们在替代剪接、基因调控和进化过程中的作用使其成为分子生物学研究的重要领域。随着我们继续揭开内含子的神秘面纱，我们对生命的复杂网络及其驱动的基本遗传机制有了更深刻的理解。