interneuron

简明释义

英[ˌɪntəˈnjʊərɒn]美[ˌɪntərˈnjʊrɑn]

n. [解剖] 中间神经元（等于internuncial neuron，介于神经中枢之间的神经元）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.This decreased reciprocal inhibition is due to reduced presynaptic inhibition of the muscle afferent input onto the inhibitory Ia interneuron innervating the muscle antagonist to the input.

传入性肌肉内神经节突触前抑制作用的减弱影响了那些支配拮抗肌传入性的中间神经元对拮抗肌的抑制作用，导致了这种互相抑制作用的衰减。

2.This decreased reciprocal inhibition is due to reduced presynaptic inhibition of the muscle afferent input onto the inhibitory Ia interneuron innervating the muscle antagonist to the input.

传入性肌肉内神经节突触前抑制作用的减弱影响了那些支配拮抗肌传入性的中间神经元对拮抗肌的抑制作用，导致了这种互相抑制作用的衰减。

3.Inhibitory interneurons 抑制性中间神经元 help regulate the excitability of neural circuits.

抑制性中间神经元帮助调节神经回路的兴奋性。

4.Researchers found that the interneuron 中间神经元 population in the spinal cord is essential for motor control.

研究人员发现，脊髓中的中间神经元群体对运动控制至关重要。

5.Deficits in interneuron 中间神经元 function can lead to neurological disorders.

中间神经元功能的缺陷可能导致神经系统疾病。

6.The role of the interneuron 中间神经元 is crucial in reflex actions.

在反射动作中，中间神经元的作用至关重要。

7.The interneuron 中间神经元 acts as a connector between sensory and motor neurons.

中间神经元充当感觉神经元和运动神经元之间的连接。

作文

The human brain is an incredibly complex organ, composed of billions of cells that work together to facilitate our thoughts, movements, and sensations. Among these cells, one particular type plays a crucial role in the functioning of our nervous system: the interneuron. An interneuron (中间神经元) is a type of neuron that acts as a connector between sensory neurons and motor neurons. They are primarily found in the central nervous system and are responsible for processing information and reflexes. Unlike sensory neurons, which transmit signals from sensory receptors to the brain, and motor neurons, which carry commands from the brain to muscles, interneurons serve as intermediaries that integrate and relay information within the brain and spinal cord.One of the key functions of interneurons is to facilitate communication between different neurons. For instance, when you touch something hot, sensory neurons send signals to the brain indicating pain. The brain processes this information and sends a signal through motor neurons to your hand to pull away. However, the rapid response to this stimulus is largely due to the action of interneurons, which help to create a reflex arc that allows for quick reactions without the delay of processing in the brain. This reflex action demonstrates how interneurons can enhance the speed of responses to stimuli, thereby protecting the body from harm.Additionally, interneurons play a vital role in regulating the flow of information within neural circuits. They can inhibit or excite other neurons, allowing for more precise control over neural activity. This function is particularly important in complex behaviors such as learning and memory. For example, during the process of learning, interneurons help to modulate the strength of synaptic connections between neurons, which is essential for the formation of memories. By doing so, they contribute to the overall plasticity of the brain, enabling it to adapt and change over time.Moreover, research has shown that interneurons are involved in various neurological disorders. For instance, conditions such as epilepsy and schizophrenia have been linked to dysfunctions in interneurons. In epilepsy, the balance between excitation and inhibition within neural circuits is disrupted, often due to impaired interneuron function, leading to seizures. Understanding the role of interneurons in these disorders could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring their normal function.In conclusion, interneurons are essential components of the nervous system that facilitate communication between different types of neurons, enhance reflex actions, and regulate neural circuits. Their importance cannot be overstated, as they not only contribute to basic reflexes but also play a significant role in higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory. As research continues to uncover the complexities of the brain, the study of interneurons will undoubtedly remain a critical area of focus, with implications for understanding and treating various neurological conditions.

人脑是一个极其复杂的器官，由数十亿个细胞组成，这些细胞协同工作以促进我们的思维、运动和感觉。在这些细胞中，有一种特殊类型在我们神经系统的功能中发挥着至关重要的作用：interneuron（中间神经元）。interneuron是一种神经元，作为感觉神经元和运动神经元之间的连接器。它们主要存在于中枢神经系统中，负责处理信息和反射。与将信号从感觉受体传递到大脑的感觉神经元以及将命令从大脑传递到肌肉的运动神经元不同，interneurons作为中介，整合并传递大脑和脊髓内的信息。interneurons的一个关键功能是促进不同神经元之间的通信。例如，当你触摸到热物体时，感觉神经元会向大脑发送表示疼痛的信号。大脑处理这些信息，并通过运动神经元发送信号给你的手，让它缩回。然而，这种对刺激的快速反应在很大程度上得益于interneurons的作用，它们帮助创建一个反射弧，使得反应能够迅速进行，而不需要大脑的处理延迟。这种反射行为展示了interneurons如何增强对刺激反应的速度，从而保护身体免受伤害。此外，interneurons在调节神经回路中的信息流动方面也发挥着重要作用。它们可以抑制或兴奋其他神经元，从而更精确地控制神经活动。这一功能在学习和记忆等复杂行为中尤为重要。例如，在学习过程中，interneurons帮助调节神经元之间突触连接的强度，这是形成记忆所必需的。通过这样做，它们有助于大脑的整体可塑性，使其能够随着时间的推移适应和变化。此外，研究表明，interneurons与各种神经系统疾病有关。例如，癫痫和精神分裂症等疾病与interneurons的功能障碍有关。在癫痫中，神经回路内的兴奋与抑制之间的平衡被打破，通常是由于interneuron功能受损，导致癫痫发作。了解interneurons在这些疾病中的作用可能为恢复其正常功能的新治疗策略铺平道路。总之，interneurons是神经系统的重要组成部分，促进不同类型神经元之间的通信，增强反射动作，并调节神经回路。它们的重要性不容小觑，因为它们不仅有助于基本的反射，还在学习和记忆等更高认知功能中发挥着重要作用。随着研究不断揭示大脑的复杂性，对interneurons的研究无疑将继续成为一个关键的关注领域，对理解和治疗各种神经系统疾病具有重要意义。