precedent

简明释义

英[ˈpresɪdənt]美[ˈpresɪdənt]

n. 先例，前例；判例，实例；常规，惯例

adj. 在先的，前面的

复 数 p r e c e d e n t s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.There's a precedent to quote.

有例可援。

2.Historical precedent suggests that science and politics can overcome resistance from businesses that pollute and poison but it takes time, and success often starts small.

历史先例表明，政治和科学能够抵抗具破坏性的有害企业，但是这需要时间，且一开始的成功都很微小。

3.The second danger is of setting an awkward precedent.

第二点是开启了一个不好的先例。

4.Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent".

尽管利益有限，但商会和其他商业团体对此进行了激烈的抗争，称其为“政府经营的人事管理”和“危险的先例”。

5.The second danger is of setting an awkward precedent.

第二点是开启了一个不好的先例。

6.Was there a precedent for such an action?

那么，这样的举措是否有先例呢？

7.He can argue that there is a precedent.

多迪克争辩说曾有先例。

8.They're keenly aware that whatever they decide will set a precedent.

他们敏锐地意识到无论他们决定怎么做，都会开创先例。

9.They were determined to break from precedent.

他们决心打破先例。

10.The company established a precedent by allowing remote work during the pandemic.

公司通过允许疫情期间的远程工作建立了一个先例。

11.Her actions were unprecedented and did not follow any precedent.

她的行为是前所未有的，并没有遵循任何先例。

12.There is no precedent for this type of behavior in our organization.

在我们组织中没有这种行为的先例。

13.The court's ruling set a new precedent for future cases.

法院的裁决为未来的案件设立了新的先例。

14.This decision may create a precedent that affects future negotiations.

这一决定可能会创造一个影响未来谈判的先例。

作文

In the realm of law and governance, the term precedent (先例) plays a crucial role in shaping decisions and guiding future actions. A precedent is essentially a legal principle or rule established in a previous case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts. The importance of precedent cannot be overstated, as it ensures consistency and predictability in the legal system. Without precedent, the law would become arbitrary, and individuals would be left uncertain about their rights and obligations.One of the most significant aspects of precedent is its ability to provide stability within the legal framework. For instance, consider a landmark case such as Brown v. Board of Education in the United States. This case set a precedent that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. As a result, this ruling not only impacted the specific case at hand but also influenced countless other cases and legislation regarding civil rights. The establishment of this precedent marked a pivotal moment in American history, showcasing how a single judicial decision can lead to widespread societal change.Moreover, precedent serves as a source of guidance for judges and lawyers alike. When faced with a complex legal question, judges often look to previous rulings to inform their decisions. This reliance on precedent helps to ensure that similar cases are treated alike, thereby upholding the principle of equality before the law. For example, if a court previously ruled that a certain type of contract was unenforceable due to a lack of consideration, future courts are likely to follow that precedent unless there is a compelling reason to deviate from it.However, the concept of precedent is not without its challenges. In some instances, a precedent may become outdated or may conflict with newer laws or social values. In such cases, courts may face the difficult task of either adhering to the existing precedent or overturning it in favor of a more contemporary interpretation of the law. This dynamic nature of precedent highlights the balance that must be struck between maintaining stability in the legal system and allowing for progress and reform.Furthermore, the application of precedent varies across different legal systems. In common law jurisdictions, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, precedent is a fundamental aspect of the legal process. In contrast, civil law systems, like those in many European countries, rely more heavily on codified statutes and less on judicial decisions. This divergence illustrates how the role of precedent can differ significantly depending on the legal context.In conclusion, the concept of precedent (先例) is integral to the functioning of the legal system. It provides a framework for consistency, guides judicial decision-making, and reflects the evolving nature of law in society. Understanding precedent is essential for anyone engaged in legal studies or practice, as it not only influences individual cases but also shapes the broader landscape of justice and equity. As society continues to evolve, so too will the precedent set by our courts, ensuring that the law remains relevant and just for all individuals.

在法律和治理的领域中，术语precedent（先例）在塑造决策和指导未来行动方面起着至关重要的作用。precedent本质上是指在先前案例中建立的法律原则或规则，该原则或规则对法院在裁定后续具有相似问题或事实的案件时要么具有约束力，要么具有说服力。precedent的重要性不容小觑，因为它确保了法律体系的一致性和可预测性。如果没有precedent，法律将变得任意，个人将对自己的权利和义务感到不确定。precedent的一个重要方面是它能够提供法律框架内的稳定性。例如，考虑美国的里程碑案件布朗诉教育委员会（Brown v. Board of Education）。该案件确立了一个precedent，宣告公共学校中的种族隔离是违宪的。因此，这一裁决不仅影响了具体案件，而且还影响了无数其他案件和关于民权的立法。这个precedent的建立标志着美国历史上的一个关键时刻，展示了单一司法决定如何导致广泛的社会变革。此外，precedent为法官和律师提供了指导。当面临复杂的法律问题时，法官通常会参考先前的裁决来通知他们的决定。这种对precedent的依赖有助于确保类似案件得到相似的处理，从而维护法律面前人人平等的原则。例如，如果法院之前裁定某种类型的合同因缺乏对价而不可执行，那么未来的法院很可能会遵循这一precedent，除非有令人信服的理由偏离它。然而，precedent的概念并非没有挑战。在某些情况下，precedent可能变得过时或与更新的法律或社会价值观发生冲突。在这种情况下，法院可能面临坚持现有precedent或推翻它以支持更现代的法律解释的艰难任务。这种precedent的动态特性突显了在维护法律体系的稳定性与允许进步和改革之间必须达到的平衡。此外，precedent的应用在不同的法律体系中有所不同。在普通法管辖区，例如美国和英国，precedent是法律程序的基本方面。相比之下，许多欧洲国家的民法体系则更多依赖成文法典，而较少依赖司法决定。这种差异展示了根据法律背景，precedent的角色可能会有显著不同。总之，precedent（先例）的概念对于法律体系的运作至关重要。它为一致性提供了框架，指导司法决策，并反映了法律在社会中不断发展的性质。理解precedent对任何从事法律研究或实践的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它不仅影响个别案件，还塑造了正义和平等的更广泛格局。随着社会的不断发展，法院所设定的precedent也将不断演变，确保法律对所有个人都保持相关和公正。