appressorium

简明释义

英[əˈprɛsəˌriəm]美[əˈprɛsəˌriəm]

n. 附着胞

复 数 a p p r e s s o r i a

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.It is significant to find out the stage of gene expression of appressorium for us to understand the process of appressorium formation, development and penetration in the rice blast fungus.

了解稻瘟病菌附着胞阶段基因表达的状况对于弄清附着胞的形成、发育和侵入机制具有重要意义。

2.It is significant to find out the stage of gene expression of appressorium for us to understand the process of appressorium formation, development and penetration in the rice blast fungus.

了解稻瘟病菌附着胞阶段基因表达的状况对于弄清附着胞的形成、发育和侵入机制具有重要意义。

3.These inhibitors caused the formation of small and abnormal appressorium.

抑制剂可使附着胞形态明显变小甚至不能形成。

4.A white colony mutant, 1-40-271, was normal in sporulation and spore germination, but defective in appressorium development and totally lost in pathogenicity.

突变体1-40-271菌落呈白色，产孢与萌发均正常，但萌发后即便在人工疏水表面上也不能形成附着胞，且丧失了致病性；

5.The starvation of nutrition and the surfaces of onion epidermis could stimulate the appressorium morphogenesis, and rich nutrition could inhibit it.

疏水基物表面、营养饥饿或洋葱表皮细胞表面可以刺激附着胞形成。

6.Their effect on appressorium formation of M grisea are in the studying.

这两个化合物对稻瘟菌附着胞形成的影响正在研究中。

7.The morphological development of appressorium is influenced by many factors. Generally, the rigid and hydrophobic surface is favored for appressorium formation.

影响炭疽菌附着胞形态发育的因素很多，其中硬质疏水表面在短时间内通常是有利于附着胞的形成。

8.The structure of the appressorium is crucial for the pathogenicity of many fungi.

许多真菌的致病性与附着器的结构密切相关。

9.The fungal pathogen uses its appressorium to penetrate the plant's cuticle.

真菌病原体利用其附着器穿透植物的角质层。

10.Research on the formation of appressorium can lead to better crop protection strategies.

对附着器形成的研究可以导致更好的农作物保护策略。

11.In laboratory studies, scientists observed the development of appressorium in real-time.

在实验室研究中，科学家实时观察了附着器的发展。

12.The appressorium serves as a mechanical structure that helps fungi breach host defenses.

该附着器作为一种机械结构，帮助真菌突破宿主防御。

作文

In the fascinating world of biology, particularly in the study of plant pathogens, the term appressorium refers to a specialized structure formed by certain fungi. These structures play a crucial role in the infection process of plants. The appressorium is typically a flattened, dome-shaped cell that develops on the surface of a host plant. Its primary function is to facilitate the penetration of the fungal hyphae into the plant tissue, allowing the pathogen to access the nutrients it needs to thrive and reproduce.The formation of an appressorium is a remarkable example of evolutionary adaptation. When a fungal spore lands on a suitable host, it germinates and begins to form this specialized structure. The appressorium generates turgor pressure, which helps the fungus to penetrate the plant's outer defenses. This pressure is so significant that it can breach the plant's cuticle, a protective layer that serves as the first line of defense against pathogens. Once the appressorium successfully penetrates the plant tissue, the fungus can spread and cause diseases such as leaf spots, blights, and even root rot.Understanding the mechanics behind the appressorium is essential for developing effective disease management strategies in agriculture. For instance, researchers are investigating how to disrupt the formation of these structures or inhibit their function, thereby preventing the establishment of fungal infections. By targeting the genes and pathways involved in appressorium development, scientists hope to create resistant plant varieties that can withstand attacks from these pathogens.Moreover, the study of appressorium formation has broader implications beyond agriculture. It provides insights into the intricate relationships between organisms and their environments, showcasing the delicate balance of ecosystems. Fungal pathogens, while detrimental to crops, also play a role in nutrient cycling and decomposition. Therefore, understanding their life cycle, including the role of the appressorium, is vital for maintaining ecological health.In addition to its biological significance, the concept of the appressorium can be metaphorically applied to various fields. For example, in psychology, one might consider how individuals create their own 'appressoria' in social situations—barriers or mechanisms that help them navigate complex interpersonal dynamics. Just as a fungal appressorium allows for entry into a new environment, a person's social strategies can facilitate connections and interactions.In conclusion, the appressorium is more than just a biological term; it represents a critical aspect of plant pathology and highlights the intricate relationships within ecosystems. By studying this structure, we can better understand how to combat plant diseases and appreciate the complexities of life forms interacting with their environments. The ongoing research into appressorium formation not only aids in agricultural advancements but also enriches our comprehension of ecological dynamics, making it a vital area of study for both scientists and environmentalists alike.

在生物学的迷人世界中，特别是在植物病原体的研究中，术语appressorium指的是某些真菌形成的一种专门结构。这些结构在植物的感染过程中扮演着至关重要的角色。appressorium通常是一个扁平、圆顶形的细胞，它在宿主植物表面上形成。它的主要功能是促进真菌菌丝体渗透到植物组织中，使病原体能够获取所需的营养以繁衍生息。appressorium的形成是进化适应的一个显著例子。当真菌孢子落在合适的宿主上时，它会发芽并开始形成这种专门结构。appressorium产生的膨压帮助真菌穿透植物的外部防御。这种压力是如此显著，以至于它可以突破植物的角质层，这是一种作为病原体第一道防线的保护层。一旦appressorium成功渗透植物组织，真菌就可以扩散并导致如叶斑、枯萎甚至根腐等疾病。理解appressorium背后的机制对于制定有效的农业病害管理策略至关重要。例如，研究人员正在调查如何破坏这些结构的形成或抑制它们的功能，从而防止真菌感染的发生。通过针对涉及appressorium发展的基因和途径，科学家们希望创造出抗病的植物品种，能够抵御这些病原体的攻击。此外，appressorium形成的研究在农业之外还有更广泛的意义。它提供了对生物与其环境之间复杂关系的深入了解，展示了生态系统的微妙平衡。虽然真菌病原体对作物有害，但它们在养分循环和分解中也起着作用。因此，理解它们的生命周期，包括appressorium的角色，对于维持生态健康至关重要。除了生物学的重要性，appressorium的概念还可以隐喻地应用于各个领域。例如，在心理学中，人们可能会考虑个人在社交场合中如何创建自己的“appressorium”——帮助他们在复杂的人际动态中导航的障碍或机制。正如真菌的appressorium允许进入新环境一样，一个人的社交策略可以促进联系和互动。总之，appressorium不仅仅是一个生物学术语；它代表了植物病理学的一个关键方面，并突显了生态系统内的复杂关系。通过研究这一结构，我们可以更好地理解如何对抗植物疾病，并欣赏生命形式与其环境之间的复杂性。对appressorium形成的持续研究不仅有助于农业进步，还丰富了我们对生态动态的理解，使其成为科学家和环保主义者都应关注的重要研究领域。