schema

简明释义

英[ˈskiːmə]美[ˈskiːmə]

n. （计划或理论的）纲要，图解；（逻）（三段论法的）格；（康德哲学的）先验图式

复 数 s c h e m a t a 或 s c h e m a s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.That should do it for your database schema.

对于您的数据库模式，应当那样做。

2.Save the created schema.

保存创建的模式。

3.The default, and recommended, target schema name is the source schema name.

默认的目标模式名与源模式名相同，这也是推荐的做法。

4.Listing 2 shows the schema.

清单2显示了这一模式。

5.Create a database schema for the application or select an existing schema.

为应用程序创建数据库模式或选择现有的模式。

6.Next, register your XML schema.

接下来，注册您的XML模式。

7.The database design includes a detailed schema 模式 that outlines the relationships between tables.

数据库设计包括一个详细的模式，概述了表之间的关系。

8.The XML document must adhere to a specific schema 模式 to be valid.

XML文档必须遵循特定的模式才能有效。

9.In cognitive psychology, a schema 图式 helps us organize and interpret information.

在认知心理学中，图式帮助我们组织和解释信息。

10.Teachers often use a schema 框架 to help students understand complex topics.

教师常常使用一个框架来帮助学生理解复杂的主题。

11.The application requires a JSON schema 模式 to validate incoming data.

该应用程序需要一个JSON模式来验证传入数据。

作文

In the realm of cognitive psychology, the term schema refers to a mental structure that organizes knowledge and guides cognitive processes. Schemas play a crucial role in how we perceive the world around us and how we interpret new information. They are essentially frameworks that help individuals categorize and make sense of their experiences. For instance, when someone hears the word 'dog,' their schema for dogs may include characteristics such as four legs, fur, barking, and companionship. This mental framework allows individuals to quickly identify and understand what a dog is, even if they encounter a breed they have never seen before.Schemas are not static; they evolve with experience. As people gather more information about a particular subject, their schema can become more complex and nuanced. For example, a child’s initial schema for animals might be limited to pets like cats and dogs, but as they grow older and learn about wildlife, their understanding expands to include various species, habitats, and behaviors. This adaptability is essential for learning and cognitive development.Moreover, schemas influence our expectations and perceptions. When we enter a new situation, our brain automatically activates relevant schemas based on past experiences. This can lead to quick judgments, which can be beneficial in some contexts but also problematic in others. For example, if someone has a negative experience with a particular social group, their schema for that group may become skewed, leading to stereotypes and biases. Understanding this aspect of schemas is vital for fostering empathy and reducing prejudice in society.In addition to psychology, the concept of schema is also prevalent in fields such as education and artificial intelligence. Educators often use schemas to design curricula that build on students' prior knowledge, ensuring that new information is relatable and easier to grasp. By activating existing schemas, teachers can facilitate deeper understanding and retention of new concepts.In the context of artificial intelligence, schemas are used to create knowledge representations that enable machines to process information similarly to humans. For instance, in natural language processing, AI systems utilize schemas to understand the relationships between words and concepts, allowing them to generate coherent responses and engage in meaningful conversations.In conclusion, the concept of schema is fundamental to our understanding of cognition and perception. It serves as a lens through which we view the world, shaping our experiences and interactions. By recognizing the influence of schemas in our lives, we can become more aware of our biases and strive for a more inclusive perspective. Whether in psychology, education, or technology, schemas are indispensable tools that help us navigate the complexities of human thought and behavior. Understanding and refining our schemas can lead to more informed decisions, enhanced learning, and improved communication with others.

在认知心理学领域，术语schema指的是一种组织知识并指导认知过程的心理结构。Schema在我们如何感知周围世界以及如何解释新信息方面起着至关重要的作用。它们本质上是帮助个人对经历进行分类和理解的框架。例如，当某人听到“狗”这个词时，他们的schema可能包括四条腿、毛发、吠叫和伴侣等特征。这种心理框架使个人能够快速识别和理解狗，即使他们遇到了一种从未见过的品种。Schema不是静态的；它们会随着经验而发展。随着人们收集有关特定主题的更多信息，他们的schema可能会变得更加复杂和细致。例如，一个孩子最初对动物的schema可能仅限于猫和狗这样的宠物，但随着他们长大并了解野生动物，他们的理解扩展到包括各种物种、栖息地和行为。这种适应性对于学习和认知发展至关重要。此外，schema影响我们的期望和感知。当我们进入一种新情况时，大脑会根据过去的经验自动激活相关的schema。这可以导致快速判断，在某些情况下是有益的，但在其他情况下也可能存在问题。例如，如果某人对特定社会群体有负面经历，他们的schema可能会变得扭曲，导致刻板印象和偏见。理解schema这一方面对于促进同情心和减少社会偏见至关重要。除了心理学，schema的概念在教育和人工智能等领域也很普遍。教育工作者通常利用schema设计课程，以建立在学生的先前知识之上，确保新信息是相关的且更易于掌握。通过激活现有的schema，教师可以促进对新概念的更深理解和记忆。在人工智能的背景下，schema用于创建知识表示，使机器能够以类似于人类的方式处理信息。例如，在自然语言处理领域，人工智能系统利用schema来理解单词和概念之间的关系，使它们能够生成连贯的响应并进行有意义的对话。总之，schema的概念是我们理解认知和感知的基础。它作为我们观察世界的透镜，塑造我们的经历和互动。通过认识到schema在我们生活中的影响，我们可以更加意识到我们的偏见，并努力追求更具包容性的视角。无论是在心理学、教育还是技术领域，schema都是帮助我们应对人类思维和行为复杂性的不可或缺的工具。理解和完善我们的schema可以导致更明智的决策、更好的学习和与他人的改善沟通。