homolysis

简明释义

英[hɒˈmɒlɪsɪs]美[hɒˈmɒlɪsɪs]

n. [化学] 均裂；同种溶解，同族溶解

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.All transition states, activation energies and potential curves of four possible reaction paths were obtained. It was found that the homolysis of n-no2 bond in five-membered ring is the initial step.

求得可能的四种不同热解反应通道的过渡态、活化能和位能曲线，发现其热解引发步骤为五元环上侧链n—NO2键的均裂。

2.All transition states, activation energies and potential curves of four possible reaction paths were obtained. It was found that the homolysis of n-no2 bond in five-membered ring is the initial step.

求得可能的四种不同热解反应通道的过渡态、活化能和位能曲线，发现其热解引发步骤为五元环上侧链n—NO2键的均裂。

3.The study of homolysis can help chemists design better photoinitiators for polymerization.

研究同裂解可以帮助化学家设计更好的聚合光引发剂。

4.The process of homolysis is crucial in understanding free radical formation in organic chemistry.

理解有机化学中自由基形成的过程，同裂解 是至关重要的。

5.During the reaction, homolysis of the C-H bond leads to the generation of reactive radicals.

在反应过程中，C-H键的同裂解导致活性自由基的生成。

6.The rate of homolysis can be influenced by temperature and solvent effects.

温度和溶剂效应可以影响同裂解的速率。

7.In photochemistry, homolysis often occurs when a molecule absorbs light energy.

在光化学中，当分子吸收光能时，通常会发生同裂解。

作文

Homolysis is a fundamental concept in the field of chemistry, particularly in the study of chemical reactions involving covalent bonds. It refers to the process where a bond between two atoms is broken, resulting in the formation of two free radicals. This phenomenon is crucial for understanding various reactions, especially those that involve radical mechanisms. In essence, during homolysis (同裂), the electrons involved in the bond are equally shared between the two atoms, leading to the generation of highly reactive species known as free radicals. These free radicals can initiate further reactions, making homolysis an important step in many chemical pathways.One of the most common examples of homolysis occurs in the decomposition of organic peroxides. When an organic peroxide undergoes homolysis, it breaks down into two alkoxy radicals. This process is not only significant in organic chemistry but also plays a vital role in biological systems. For instance, the homolysis of certain biomolecules can lead to oxidative stress, which is implicated in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.Understanding homolysis is essential for chemists, as it provides insights into the stability of molecules and the reactivity of free radicals. The kinetics of homolysis can be influenced by several factors, including temperature, solvent effects, and the nature of the substituents attached to the reacting atoms. Chemists often utilize computational methods to predict the likelihood of homolysis occurring in a given reaction, which aids in designing new compounds and reactions with desired properties.Furthermore, homolysis plays a critical role in polymer chemistry. Many polymerization processes rely on the generation of free radicals through homolysis. For instance, in radical polymerization, initiators undergo homolysis to produce free radicals that can react with monomers, leading to the formation of polymers. This technique is widely used in the production of plastics, coatings, and other materials, showcasing the practical importance of homolysis in industrial applications.In conclusion, homolysis is a key process in chemistry that involves the breaking of bonds to form free radicals, significantly influencing both organic reactions and biological processes. Its implications extend beyond the laboratory, impacting various fields such as materials science and medicine. A thorough understanding of homolysis and its consequences is vital for chemists and researchers aiming to harness the power of free radicals in innovative ways. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical reactions, the study of homolysis will undoubtedly remain a central theme in advancing our knowledge and applications in chemistry.

同裂是化学领域中的一个基本概念，特别是在研究涉及共价键的化学反应时。它指的是两个原子之间的键断裂，从而形成两个自由基的过程。这种现象对于理解各种反应尤其重要，特别是那些涉及自由基机制的反应。本质上，在同裂（homolysis）过程中，参与键的电子在两个原子之间均匀分配，从而生成被称为自由基的高度反应性物质。这些自由基可以引发进一步的反应，使得同裂成为许多化学途径中的重要步骤。同裂的一个常见例子发生在有机过氧化物的分解中。当有机过氧化物经历同裂时，它会分解成两个烷氧基自由基。这个过程不仅在有机化学中具有重要意义，而且在生物系统中也发挥着至关重要的作用。例如，某些生物分子的同裂可能导致氧化应激，这与包括癌症和神经退行性疾病在内的各种疾病有关。理解同裂对于化学家来说至关重要，因为它提供了对分子稳定性和自由基反应性的洞察。同裂的动力学可以受到多个因素的影响，包括温度、溶剂效应以及附加在反应原子上的取代基的性质。化学家们通常利用计算方法预测在给定反应中发生同裂的可能性，这有助于设计具有所需特性的新的化合物和反应。此外，同裂在聚合物化学中也起着关键作用。许多聚合过程依赖于通过同裂生成自由基。例如，在自由基聚合中，引发剂经历同裂以产生自由基，这些自由基可以与单体反应，从而形成聚合物。这种技术广泛应用于塑料、涂料和其他材料的生产，展示了同裂在工业应用中的实际重要性。总之，同裂是化学中的一个关键过程，涉及断裂键以形成自由基，显著影响有机反应和生物过程。其影响超越实验室，影响材料科学和医学等多个领域。深入理解同裂及其后果对于希望以创新方式利用自由基的化学家和研究人员至关重要。随着我们继续探索化学反应的复杂性，同裂的研究无疑将继续成为推进我们对化学知识和应用的理解的主题。