neuropeptides

简明释义

英[njuːrəʊˈpɛptɪdz]美[n(j)ʊroʊˈpɛptɪdz]

n. [生化]神经肽（neuropeptide 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.The human brain, too, has neuropeptides that set mood and modify behavior.

人脑同样有调节心情和调整行为的神经肽。

2.Peripheral nerve injury induces changes in the level of neuropeptides in primary sensory neurons and spinal cord.

外周神经损伤会引发在初级感觉神经元和脊髓中的神经肽含量的改变。

3.Objective To study the properties, distribution, coexistence and developmental regularity of neuropeptides in the fetal parotid gland.

目的研究胎儿腮腺内神经肽的性质、分布、共存和发育规律。

4.The human brain, though vastly more complex than the worm's, USES many of the same components, from neuropeptides to transmitters.

尽管人脑比蛔虫大脑复杂多了，但是从神经肽到发射器的成分都相似。

5.An Yuhui has isolated some small neuropeptides from bovine brains and found a new peptide: bovine acidic neuropeptide 1 (BANP-1). It is a small molecular peptide and has not antigenicity.

安玉会等在国际上首次分离出了一种新的酸性牛神经肽(BANP -1)，该肽为小分子肽，无抗原性。

6.Method: The expression of five neuropeptides (NPs) were detected in scalp specimen of 10 normal people by using immunohistochemical staining method with specific antibodies.

方法：选用特异性抗体，用免疫组化的方法检测了10例正常头皮标本中五种神经肽的表达情况。

7.The interaction between hormones and neuropeptides is critical for stress response.

激素与神经肽之间的相互作用对压力反应至关重要。

8.Certain neuropeptides are involved in the regulation of appetite and food intake.

某些神经肽参与调节食欲和食物摄入。

9.Scientists are exploring how neuropeptides can be used to treat anxiety disorders.

科学家们正在探索如何利用神经肽治疗焦虑症。

10.The release of neuropeptides can influence pain perception in the nervous system.

神经肽的释放可以影响神经系统中的疼痛感知。

11.Recent studies have shown that neuropeptides play a crucial role in regulating mood and emotions.

最近的研究表明，神经肽在调节情绪和心情方面发挥着关键作用。

作文

Neuropeptides are small protein-like molecules used by neurons to communicate with each other. They play a crucial role in modulating various physiological processes, including pain perception, reward, food intake, metabolism, reproduction, social behaviors, learning, and memory. Understanding the function of neuropeptides (神经肽) is essential for advancing our knowledge in neuroscience and developing new therapeutic strategies for various disorders.The discovery of neuropeptides (神经肽) dates back to the 1970s when researchers began to uncover the complex interactions between different types of neurotransmitters and their effects on behavior and physiology. Unlike traditional neurotransmitters, which act quickly and are typically involved in immediate signaling, neuropeptides (神经肽) tend to have a more prolonged effect and can influence multiple neuronal pathways simultaneously. This unique characteristic makes them particularly interesting for scientists studying the brain’s intricate networks.One of the most well-known examples of neuropeptides (神经肽) is endorphins, which are often referred to as the body’s natural painkillers. Endorphins are released in response to stress or discomfort and bind to opioid receptors in the brain, leading to pain relief and feelings of euphoria. This mechanism explains why activities such as exercise can lead to a ‘runner’s high’—a state of happiness and reduced pain perception due to increased levels of endorphins.Another significant group of neuropeptides (神经肽) includes substance P, which is involved in the transmission of pain signals. Research has shown that elevated levels of substance P can contribute to chronic pain conditions, making it a target for potential therapies aimed at pain management. By understanding how neuropeptides (神经肽) like substance P function, researchers can develop more effective treatments for patients suffering from persistent pain.In addition to their role in pain and reward pathways, neuropeptides (神经肽) are also implicated in regulating appetite and energy balance. For instance, neuropeptide Y (NPY) is known to stimulate hunger, while other neuropeptides (神经肽) like leptin and ghrelin are involved in signaling satiety and energy expenditure. This delicate balance orchestrated by neuropeptides (神经肽) is vital for maintaining healthy body weight and preventing obesity.Furthermore, neuropeptides (神经肽) have been found to influence emotional and social behaviors. Oxytocin, often dubbed the ‘love hormone,’ is a neuropeptide (神经肽) that plays a key role in social bonding, maternal behaviors, and trust. Studies have indicated that oxytocin administration can enhance social interactions and reduce anxiety, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications in treating social disorders such as autism and social anxiety disorder.In conclusion, neuropeptides (神经肽) represent a fascinating area of research within neuroscience. Their diverse roles in regulating pain, appetite, mood, and social behavior underscore their importance in both normal physiology and disease states. Continued exploration of neuropeptides (神经肽) will likely yield valuable insights into the functioning of the brain and open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in mental health and neurological disorders.

神经肽是由神经元用来相互交流的小型类蛋白质分子。它们在调节各种生理过程方面发挥着至关重要的作用，包括疼痛感知、奖励、食物摄入、代谢、生殖、社会行为、学习和记忆。理解神经肽的功能对推进我们在神经科学领域的知识以及开发针对各种疾病的新治疗策略至关重要。神经肽的发现可以追溯到20世纪70年代，当时研究人员开始揭示不同类型神经递质之间复杂的相互作用及其对行为和生理的影响。与传统神经递质不同，后者快速作用且通常涉及即时信号传递，神经肽往往具有更持久的效果，并且可以同时影响多个神经通路。这一独特特征使得它们对于研究大脑复杂网络的科学家们特别有趣。一个最著名的神经肽的例子是内啡肽，它通常被称为身体的天然止痛剂。内啡肽在应对压力或不适时释放，并与大脑中的阿片受体结合，从而导致疼痛缓解和愉悦感。这一机制解释了为什么像运动这样的活动可以导致“跑者的快感”——一种由于内啡肽水平升高而产生的幸福感和疼痛感降低的状态。另外一个重要的神经肽群体是物质P，它参与疼痛信号的传递。研究表明，物质P的水平升高可能导致慢性疼痛状况，因此它成为了潜在疼痛管理疗法的目标。通过理解像物质P这样的神经肽的功能，研究人员可以开发出对慢性疼痛患者更有效的治疗方案。除了在疼痛和奖励通路中的作用外，神经肽还与调节食欲和能量平衡有关。例如，神经肽Y（NPY）已知可以刺激饥饿，而其他神经肽如瘦素和胃饥饿素则参与饱腹感和能量消耗的信号传递。这种由神经肽精心协调的微妙平衡对维持健康的体重和预防肥胖至关重要。此外，神经肽还被发现影响情感和社会行为。催产素常被称为“爱情激素”，是一种在社会联系、母性行为和信任中发挥关键作用的神经肽。研究表明，催产素的给药可以增强社交互动并减少焦虑，突显了其在治疗自闭症和社交焦虑症等社交障碍中的潜在应用。总之，神经肽代表了神经科学研究中的一个迷人领域。它们在调节疼痛、食欲、情绪和社会行为中的多样角色强调了它们在正常生理和疾病状态中的重要性。对神经肽的持续探索可能会为我们提供关于大脑功能的宝贵见解，并为心理健康和神经系统疾病的治疗干预开辟新的途径。