immunoblot

简明释义

英[ˈɪmjunəˌblɑt]美[ˈɪmjunəˌblɑt]

n. 免疫印迹

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Meanwhile, the autoantibodies of SLE patients were detected by immunoblot technique.

同时，采用免疫印迹技术测定SLE壮族患者自身抗体谱。

2.The specificity of the expressed products was proved by the immunoblot (WB) and ELISA.

采用蛋白印迹和ELISA法对表达产物进行特异性鉴定。

3.Conclusion The immunoblot kit shows an easy operation, fast reaction and reliable result, and may be practical.

结论该免疫印迹试剂盒敏感性和特异性均较高，且操作简便、快速。

4.Conclusion Immunoblot method is really a practical and reliable diagnostic technique in diagnosis of PV.

结论免疫印迹技术在PV的诊断中具有重要的应用价值。

5.Methods Physiological parameters of myocardial metabolism were measured with automated analyzers, and GLUT1 distribution was assessed by immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence.

方法用自动分析仪测定生理代谢参数，用免疫印迹和免疫荧光法检测glut1。

6.Methods The cellular localization of DARPP-32 in mouse kidney tissue was detected by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry.

方法免疫印记和免疫组化方法检测DARPP-32在小鼠肾脏组织的表达和分布。

7.After performing the immunoblot, the results showed a strong signal for the target protein.

在进行免疫印迹后，结果显示目标蛋白有强信号。

8.The researcher used a immunoblot to detect specific proteins in the sample.

研究人员使用免疫印迹来检测样本中特定的蛋白质。

9.The immunoblot technique is essential for validating the presence of biomarkers in clinical samples.

免疫印迹技术对于验证临床样本中生物标志物的存在至关重要。

10.They compared the immunoblot results from different treatments to identify the most effective one.

他们比较了不同处理的免疫印迹结果，以确定最有效的处理。

11.Using a specific antibody, the immunoblot revealed the presence of the viral protein.

通过使用特定抗体，免疫印迹揭示了病毒蛋白的存在。

作文

The field of molecular biology has seen significant advancements over the years, particularly in techniques that allow scientists to analyze proteins. One such technique that has gained prominence is known as immunoblot. This method, also referred to as Western blotting, is a powerful tool used for detecting specific proteins in a sample. The process involves several steps, including gel electrophoresis, transfer to a membrane, and probing with antibodies. Each of these steps is crucial for the successful identification of proteins, making immunoblot an essential technique in laboratories worldwide.To begin with, the first step in the immunoblot process is gel electrophoresis, where proteins are separated based on their size. This separation allows researchers to isolate the proteins of interest from a complex mixture. Once the proteins are separated, they are transferred onto a membrane, typically made of nitrocellulose or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride). This transfer process is critical because it ensures that the proteins are immobilized in a way that makes them accessible for further analysis.After the proteins have been transferred to the membrane, the next step involves probing with antibodies. Antibodies are proteins that can specifically bind to target proteins, providing a means for detection. In immunoblot, researchers typically use two types of antibodies: a primary antibody that binds to the target protein and a secondary antibody that binds to the primary antibody. The secondary antibody is usually conjugated with a detectable marker, such as an enzyme or a fluorescent dye, allowing for visualization of the protein of interest.One of the key advantages of immunoblot is its specificity. Because the technique relies on the binding of antibodies to specific proteins, it allows for the detection of proteins even in complex mixtures such as cell lysates or serum samples. This specificity makes immunoblot an invaluable tool in various fields, including biomedical research, clinical diagnostics, and drug development.Moreover, immunoblot has applications beyond mere protein detection. It can also be used to study protein expression levels, post-translational modifications, and interactions between proteins. For instance, researchers can compare the expression of a particular protein in healthy versus diseased tissues, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.Despite its many advantages, immunoblot does have some limitations. For example, the technique can be time-consuming and requires careful optimization of experimental conditions. Additionally, false positives and negatives can occur if the antibodies used are not specific enough or if the protein of interest is present in low abundance. Therefore, researchers must validate their results using complementary techniques, such as mass spectrometry or ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).In conclusion, the immunoblot technique has revolutionized the way scientists study proteins, offering a reliable method for detecting and analyzing proteins in various samples. Its specificity and versatility make it a cornerstone of modern molecular biology. As research continues to advance, the applications of immunoblot are likely to expand, further enhancing our understanding of biological processes and disease mechanisms. With ongoing innovations in antibody development and detection methods, the future of immunoblot looks promising, paving the way for new discoveries in the life sciences.

分子生物学领域近年来取得了显著进展，尤其是在分析蛋白质的技术方面。其中一种越来越受到重视的方法被称为免疫印迹。这种方法，也被称为西方印迹，是用于检测样本中特定蛋白质的强大工具。该过程包括几个步骤，包括凝胶电泳、转移到膜上以及用抗体探测。每一个步骤对于成功识别蛋白质都是至关重要的，使得免疫印迹成为全球实验室中不可或缺的技术。首先，免疫印迹过程的第一步是凝胶电泳，在此过程中，蛋白质根据其大小进行分离。这种分离使研究人员能够从复杂的混合物中分离出感兴趣的蛋白质。一旦蛋白质被分离，它们就被转移到膜上，通常由硝酸纤维素或PVDF（聚偏二氟乙烯）制成。这个转移过程至关重要，因为它确保蛋白质以可用于进一步分析的方式被固定。在蛋白质转移到膜上后，下一步涉及用抗体探测。抗体是可以特异性结合目标蛋白质的蛋白质，提供了一种检测手段。在免疫印迹中，研究人员通常使用两种类型的抗体：一种结合目标蛋白的初级抗体和一种结合初级抗体的次级抗体。次级抗体通常与可检测的标记物结合，如酶或荧光染料，从而使得目标蛋白的可视化成为可能。免疫印迹的一个关键优点是其特异性。由于该技术依赖于抗体与特定蛋白质的结合，因此即使在细胞裂解液或血清样本等复杂混合物中，也能检测到蛋白质。这种特异性使得免疫印迹成为生物医学研究、临床诊断和药物开发等多个领域的重要工具。此外，免疫印迹的应用不仅限于蛋白质检测。它还可以用于研究蛋白质表达水平、翻译后修饰以及蛋白质之间的相互作用。例如，研究人员可以比较健康组织与病变组织中特定蛋白质的表达，从而提供对疾病机制和潜在治疗靶点的见解。尽管有许多优点，免疫印迹也存在一些局限性。例如，该技术可能耗时，并且需要仔细优化实验条件。此外，如果所用抗体不够特异，或者目标蛋白质的丰度较低，就可能出现假阳性和假阴性。因此，研究人员必须使用互补技术（如质谱或ELISA（酶联免疫吸附测定））来验证他们的结果。总之，免疫印迹技术彻底改变了科学家研究蛋白质的方式，提供了一种可靠的方法来检测和分析各种样本中的蛋白质。其特异性和多功能性使其成为现代分子生物学的基石。随着研究的不断推进，免疫印迹的应用可能会扩展，进一步增强我们对生物过程和疾病机制的理解。随着抗体开发和检测方法的持续创新，免疫印迹的未来看起来充满希望，为生命科学的新发现铺平道路。