supervenience

简明释义

英[ˌsuːpərˈvɪniəns]美[ˌsuːpərˈvɪniəns]

n. 附生性；伴随发生；偶然性

英英释义

Supervenience is a philosophical concept where one set of properties (such as mental states) is said to depend on another set of properties (such as physical states) in such a way that any change in the former necessitates a change in the latter.

超越性是一个哲学概念，其中一组属性（如心理状态）被认为依赖于另一组属性（如物理状态），以至于前者的任何变化都必然需要后者的变化。

单词用法

同义词

dependence

依赖

The theory of supervenience suggests that mental states depend on physical states.

超越理论表明心理状态依赖于物理状态。

emergence

出现

In philosophy, the emergence of properties can be seen as a form of supervenience.

在哲学中，属性的出现可以视为一种超越形式。

correlation

相关性

There is a strong correlation between social behavior and environmental factors.

社会行为与环境因素之间存在强相关性。

overdetermination

过度决定

Overdetermination implies that multiple conditions can lead to the same outcome.

过度决定意味着多种条件可以导致相同的结果。

反义词

subvenience

下位性

The concept of subvenience suggests that lower-level properties can exist independently of higher-level properties.

下位性的概念表明，低层次的属性可以独立于高层次的属性存在。

independence

独立性

In discussions of independence, it is often argued that mental states can exist without being determined by physical states.

在独立性的讨论中，人们常常认为心理状态可以在不受物理状态决定的情况下存在。

例句

1.Supervenience is a new paradigm in contemporary western philosophy of mind, which has attracted close attention and has been highly valued.

随附性是当代西方心灵哲学的一个新范式，受到了广泛的关注和高度的重视。

2.Supervenience is a new paradigm in contemporary western philosophy of mind, which has attracted close attention and has been highly valued.

随附性是当代西方心灵哲学的一个新范式，受到了广泛的关注和高度的重视。

3.The concept of mental states can be explained through the idea of supervenience, which suggests that mental properties depend on physical properties.

心理状态的概念可以通过超越性来解释，这意味着心理属性依赖于物理属性。

4.The relationship between art and aesthetics can be understood through supervenience, where aesthetic qualities arise from artistic forms.

艺术与美学之间的关系可以通过超越性来理解，其中美学特性源自艺术形式。

5.In philosophy, the supervenience of ethical values on social practices is often debated.

在哲学中，伦理价值对社会实践的超越性常常被讨论。

6.Some argue that the supervenience of moral properties on actions makes morality objective.

有人认为道德属性对行为的超越性使道德变得客观。

7.The theory of supervenience is crucial in discussions about the mind-body problem.

在关于心身问题的讨论中，超越性理论至关重要。

作文

In the realm of philosophy, particularly in metaphysics and the philosophy of mind, the concept of supervenience plays a crucial role in understanding the relationship between different levels of reality. To put it simply, supervenience refers to a situation where one set of properties or facts depends on another set. For example, consider the relationship between mental states and physical states. It can be argued that mental states, such as beliefs and desires, supervene on physical states, meaning that any change in mental states must be accompanied by a change in physical states. This concept raises important questions about the nature of consciousness and the mind-body problem.The notion of supervenience can be illustrated through various examples. Take color as an example; the color of an object is determined by its physical properties, such as the wavelengths of light it reflects. Thus, the color property supervenes on the physical properties of the object. If we were to change the physical properties of the object, such as altering its surface texture or composition, the color would also change. This dependency highlights how certain properties are contingent upon others.Moreover, supervenience has implications in ethics as well. In moral philosophy, one might argue that moral properties supervene on non-moral properties. This means that if two actions are identical in their non-moral characteristics, they must also be identical in their moral characteristics. This principle is significant in discussions about moral realism and the objectivity of moral values. If moral properties are truly dependent on non-moral properties, it suggests a structured relationship between facts and values.The significance of supervenience extends beyond theoretical discussions; it has practical implications in fields such as psychology and cognitive science. Understanding how mental states relate to physical states can inform treatment methods for mental health disorders. For instance, if a particular mental state is found to supervene on specific neural activities, interventions could be designed to target those neural activities, potentially leading to improvements in mental health.In conclusion, the concept of supervenience is vital for comprehending the intricate connections between different domains of existence. Whether it is in the context of philosophy, ethics, or practical applications in science, supervenience provides a framework for understanding how higher-level properties depend on lower-level ones. By exploring these relationships, we can gain deeper insights into the nature of reality and the complexities of human experience. As we continue to investigate the implications of supervenience, we uncover the layered structure of existence, prompting us to reflect on how different aspects of our world interact and influence one another.

在哲学的领域，特别是形而上学和心灵哲学中，概念超越性在理解不同层次现实之间的关系中扮演着至关重要的角色。简单来说，超越性指的是一种情况，其中一组属性或事实依赖于另一组。例如，考虑心理状态与物理状态之间的关系。可以说，心理状态，如信念和欲望，超越于物理状态，这意味着任何心理状态的变化必须伴随着物理状态的变化。这个概念引发了关于意识的本质和心身问题的重要问题。超越性的概念可以通过各种例子来说明。以颜色为例；物体的颜色由其物理属性决定，例如它反射的光波长。因此，颜色属性超越于物体的物理属性。如果我们改变物体的物理属性，比如改变其表面纹理或成分，颜色也会改变。这种依赖关系突显了某些属性如何依赖于其他属性。此外，超越性在伦理学中也有影响。在道德哲学中，人们可能会争辩道，道德属性超越于非道德属性。这意味着，如果两个行为在其非道德特征上是相同的，它们在道德特征上也必须是相同的。这个原则在关于道德现实主义和道德价值客观性的讨论中具有重要意义。如果道德属性确实依赖于非道德属性，这表明事实与价值之间存在结构化的关系。超越性的重要性超越了理论讨论；它在心理学和认知科学等领域具有实际意义。理解心理状态如何与物理状态相关可以为心理健康障碍的治疗方法提供信息。例如，如果发现某种心理状态超越于特定的神经活动，则可以设计干预措施来针对这些神经活动，可能导致心理健康的改善。总之，超越性的概念对于理解存在的复杂连接至关重要。无论是在哲学、伦理学还是科学的实际应用中，超越性为理解更高层次属性如何依赖于更低层次属性提供了框架。通过探索这些关系，我们可以深入了解现实的本质以及人类经验的复杂性。随着我们继续研究超越性的影响，我们揭示了存在的分层结构，促使我们反思我们世界的不同方面如何相互作用并相互影响。