anionic polymerization

简明释义

1. 负离子聚合; 2. 阴离子聚合;

英英释义

例句

1.In the lab, we used anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合 to synthesize a new type of rubber material.

在实验室中，我们使用阴离子聚合合成一种新型橡胶材料。

2.During anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合, the choice of initiator can significantly affect the polymer's properties.

在阴离子聚合过程中，引发剂的选择可以显著影响聚合物的性质。

3.The process of anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合 allows for the creation of well-defined polymer structures.

阴离子聚合的过程允许创建结构明确的聚合物。

4.One advantage of anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合 is its ability to produce polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions.

阴离子聚合的一个优点是能够生产具有窄分子量分布的聚合物。

5.The researchers focused on optimizing the conditions for anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合 to improve the yield of the desired product.

研究人员专注于优化阴离子聚合的条件，以提高所需产品的产量。

作文

In the realm of polymer chemistry, one of the most fascinating processes is known as anionic polymerization. This technique is a type of chain-growth polymerization that involves the use of an anion, or negatively charged ion, to initiate the polymerization process. The significance of anionic polymerization lies in its ability to produce polymers with precise molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions, which are essential for various applications in materials science, nanotechnology, and pharmaceuticals.The mechanism of anionic polymerization begins with the generation of a reactive anion, typically by deprotonation of a suitable monomer. This anion can then react with another monomer molecule, resulting in the formation of a new anion that continues the polymerization process. One of the key advantages of anionic polymerization is its ability to control the growth of the polymer chain. By carefully selecting the reaction conditions, such as temperature and concentration, chemists can manipulate the rate of polymerization and achieve desired properties in the final product.Moreover, anionic polymerization allows for the synthesis of block copolymers, where two or more different types of monomers are linked together in a specific order. This capability opens up a wide range of possibilities for designing materials with tailored properties. For instance, block copolymers can exhibit unique mechanical, thermal, and optical characteristics that are not found in their homopolymer counterparts. These properties make them suitable for applications in coatings, adhesives, and even drug delivery systems.One of the challenges associated with anionic polymerization is the requirement for stringent anhydrous conditions. Water and other protic solvents can terminate the polymerization process by protonating the anionic species, leading to unwanted side reactions and broadening the molecular weight distribution of the produced polymer. To mitigate this issue, chemists often employ specialized techniques, such as using inert atmospheres or drying agents, to ensure that the reaction environment remains free of moisture.In conclusion, anionic polymerization is a powerful tool in the field of polymer chemistry that offers unique advantages in terms of precision and control over the polymerization process. Its ability to produce well-defined polymers with specific properties makes it invaluable for various industrial applications. As research continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative uses of anionic polymerization in the development of new materials and technologies that could significantly impact our daily lives.

在聚合物化学领域，最引人入胜的过程之一被称为阴离子聚合。这种技术是一种链增长聚合，涉及使用阴离子或带负电荷的离子来启动聚合过程。阴离子聚合的重要性在于它能够生产出具有精确分子量和狭窄分子量分布的聚合物，这对于材料科学、纳米技术和制药等各种应用至关重要。阴离子聚合的机制始于生成一个反应性阴离子，通常通过去质子化适当的单体实现。这个阴离子可以与另一个单体分子反应，从而形成一个新的阴离子，继续聚合过程。阴离子聚合的一个关键优点是其控制聚合链生长的能力。通过仔细选择反应条件，如温度和浓度，化学家可以操纵聚合速率，并在最终产品中实现所需的特性。此外，阴离子聚合允许合成嵌段共聚物，其中两种或多种不同类型的单体按特定顺序连接在一起。这种能力为设计具有定制特性的材料打开了广泛的可能性。例如，嵌段共聚物可以展现出在其均聚物对应物中不存在的独特机械、热和光学特性。这些特性使它们适合用于涂料、粘合剂甚至药物递送系统等应用。与阴离子聚合相关的一个挑战是对严格无水条件的要求。水和其他质子溶剂会通过质子化阴离子物种终止聚合过程，导致不必要的副反应并扩大所产生聚合物的分子量分布。为了减轻这个问题，化学家们通常采用专门的技术，例如使用惰性气氛或干燥剂，以确保反应环境保持无水。总之，阴离子聚合是聚合物化学领域的一项强大工具，提供了在聚合过程中精确控制的独特优势。其生产具有特定性质的明确定义的聚合物的能力使其在各种工业应用中不可或缺。随着研究的不断进展，我们可以期待看到阴离子聚合在新材料和技术开发中的更具创新性的应用，这可能会显著影响我们的日常生活。