exergonic

简明释义

英[ˌeksəˈɡɒnɪk]美[ˌeksərˈɡɑːnɪk]

adj. 释出能的；放出能的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The systems considered above are what biochemists call "exergonic", they are fully spontaneous processes.

上述系统是生物化学家所说的“放能”系统，它们是完全自发的过程。

2.Whereas cellular respiration is highly exergonic and releases energy, photosynthesis requires energy and is highly endergonic.

但是细胞呼吸作用高放能并释放能量，光合作用高吸能并需要能量。

3.Diffusion is an exergonic process.

扩散是释放能量的过程。

4.Exergonic reactions are energy-releasing reactions.

放能反应是能量释放的反应。

5.Whereas cellular respiration is highly exergonic and releases energy, photosynthesis requires energy and is highly endergonic.

但是细胞呼吸作用高放能并释放能量，光合作用高吸能并需要能量。

6.Many metabolic pathways involve exergonic reactions that drive the synthesis of ATP.

许多代谢途径涉及放能反应，驱动ATP的合成。

7.The hydrolysis of ATP is an exergonic reaction that provides energy for cellular work.

ATP的水解是一个放能反应，为细胞工作提供能量。

8.In an exergonic process, the total energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants.

在一个放能反应中，产物的总能量低于反应物的能量。

9.Combustion of fossil fuels is an exergonic reaction that releases heat and light.

化石燃料的燃烧是一个放能反应，释放热量和光。

10.The breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction, releasing energy for the cell.

葡萄糖在细胞呼吸过程中的分解是一个放能反应，为细胞释放能量。

作文

In the study of thermodynamics and biochemical reactions, the term exergonic is often used to describe processes that release energy. This concept is crucial in understanding how living organisms generate the energy they need for survival. An exergonic reaction is one where the free energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, resulting in a net release of energy during the reaction. This energy can be harnessed by cells to perform various functions, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and biosynthesis of macromolecules.For instance, the process of cellular respiration is a prime example of an exergonic reaction. In this process, glucose is broken down with the help of oxygen, leading to the production of carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The overall reaction can be summarized as follows: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP).Here, the breakdown of glucose is an exergonic reaction because it releases energy that can be utilized by the cell. This energy release is vital for sustaining life, as it powers various biological activities.On the other hand, not all reactions are exergonic. Some reactions require an input of energy to proceed; these are known as endergonic reactions. For example, photosynthesis is an endergonic process where plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight energy. In this case, the products have a higher free energy than the reactants, indicating that energy was absorbed during the reaction.Understanding the difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions is fundamental in fields like biochemistry, physiology, and environmental science. It helps scientists and researchers comprehend how energy flows through biological systems and ecosystems. Moreover, this knowledge can be applied in various practical applications, including bioengineering, renewable energy development, and metabolic research.In conclusion, the term exergonic refers to reactions that release energy, playing a pivotal role in biological processes and energy transformation. By studying exergonic reactions, we gain insights into the mechanisms that sustain life and the intricate balance of energy within living organisms. As we continue to explore the complexities of biochemical pathways, the significance of exergonic reactions will remain a foundational concept in our understanding of biology and chemistry.

在热力学和生化反应的研究中，术语exergonic通常用来描述释放能量的过程。这个概念对于理解生物体如何产生生存所需的能量至关重要。exergonic反应是指产物的自由能低于反应物的反应，从而导致反应过程中能量的净释放。这种能量可以被细胞利用，以执行各种功能，如肌肉收缩、神经冲动传递和大分子的生物合成。例如，细胞呼吸过程就是一个典型的exergonic反应。在这个过程中，葡萄糖在氧气的帮助下被分解，产生二氧化碳、水和以ATP（腺苷三磷酸）形式存在的能量。总体反应可以总结为：C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 能量（ATP）。在这里，葡萄糖的分解是一个exergonic反应，因为它释放的能量可以被细胞利用。这种能量释放对维持生命至关重要，因为它为各种生物活动提供动力。另一方面，并非所有的反应都是exergonic的。一些反应需要输入能量才能进行；这些被称为吸能反应。例如，光合作用是一个吸能过程，植物利用阳光能量将二氧化碳和水转化为葡萄糖。在这种情况下，产物的自由能高于反应物，表明在反应过程中吸收了能量。理解exergonic和吸能反应之间的区别对于生物化学、生理学和环境科学等领域至关重要。它帮助科学家和研究人员理解能量如何在生物系统和生态系统中流动。此外，这一知识可以应用于多种实际应用，包括生物工程、可再生能源开发和代谢研究。总之，术语exergonic指的是释放能量的反应，在生物过程中和能量转化中发挥着关键作用。通过研究exergonic反应，我们获得了关于维持生命的机制以及生物体内能量复杂平衡的见解。随着我们继续探索生化途径的复杂性，exergonic反应的重要性将始终是我们理解生物学和化学的基础概念。