heterozygotes

简明释义

英[ˌhɛtəˈzaɪɡəʊts]美[ˌhɛtəˈzaɪɡoʊts]

[遗]杂合子（heterozygote 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Most parents are heterozygotes with one normal allele and one mutated allele.

大多数父母是一个正常等位基因和一个突变等位基因的杂合子。

2.The Hal gene heterozygotes template DNA in pigs was prepared from blood lymphocytes in large quantities.

采用血液淋巴细胞大量制备了猪氟烷基因杂合子模板DNA。

3.Selfing heterozygotes halves the heterozygosity, and thus outbreeding maintains heterozygosity and produces a more adaptable population.

自交杂合子有一半杂合性，因此远系繁殖可以产生适应能量更强的种群。

4.These results indicated that the selection of double heterozygotes among offspring may be a useful way to improve the expression of exogenous genes in the transgenic animals.

结果提示，选育双重杂合子转基因后代小鼠，是一条提高转基因动物外源基因表达水平的有效途径。

5.Good signals had been obtained, no matter the alleles showed homozygotes or heterozygotes on STR genotyping.

STR分型表现为杂合子或纯合子的等位基因用此方法测序都得到了清晰的信号。

6.These results indicated that the selection of double heterozygotes among offspring may be a useful way to improve the expression of exogenous genes in the transgenic animals.

结果提示，选育双重杂合子转基因后代小鼠，是一条提高转基因动物外源基因表达水平的有效途径。

7.Scientists are particularly interested in heterozygotes (杂合子) because they may exhibit different phenotypes than homozygotes.

科学家特别关注heterozygotes（杂合子），因为它们可能表现出与纯合子不同的表型。

8.When analyzing the gene pool, it is crucial to identify the frequency of heterozygotes (杂合子).

在分析基因库时，识别heterozygotes（杂合子）的频率至关重要。

9.In a genetic study, researchers found that the population had a significant number of heterozygotes (杂合子) for the trait being examined.

在一项遗传研究中，研究人员发现该人群中有大量的heterozygotes（杂合子）特征。

10.The presence of heterozygotes (杂合子) in the breeding population can enhance genetic diversity.

繁殖种群中存在heterozygotes（杂合子）可以增强遗传多样性。

11.The study revealed that heterozygotes (杂合子) had a higher resistance to certain diseases.

研究显示，heterozygotes（杂合子）对某些疾病具有更高的抵抗力。

作文

In the study of genetics, understanding the concept of heterozygotes is crucial. Heterozygotes refer to individuals who possess two different alleles for a specific gene. This genetic variation plays a significant role in determining an organism's traits and can influence its ability to adapt to changing environments. For example, in humans, a person with one allele for brown eyes and another for blue eyes is considered a heterozygote. This genetic diversity often results in a phenotype that may be a blend of the two traits or may even express one trait over the other, depending on dominance and recessiveness of the alleles involved.The significance of heterozygotes extends beyond mere physical appearance; it also impacts health and disease susceptibility. Many genetic disorders are inherited in a recessive manner, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of a mutated gene to express the disorder. However, heterozygotes who carry one normal allele and one mutated allele typically do not exhibit symptoms of the disorder. A classic example is sickle cell anemia. Individuals who are heterozygotes for the sickle cell trait have one normal hemoglobin allele and one sickle cell allele. They usually do not suffer from the disease but have a degree of protection against malaria, showcasing how being a heterozygote can confer both advantages and disadvantages.Moreover, the study of heterozygotes is essential in the field of evolutionary biology. The concept of heterozygote advantage suggests that in certain environments, having two different alleles can provide a survival benefit. For instance, in areas where malaria is prevalent, individuals who are heterozygotes for the sickle cell gene are less likely to suffer from severe malaria infections. This phenomenon contributes to the maintenance of genetic diversity within populations, as those with advantageous heterozygotes genotypes are more likely to survive and reproduce.Additionally, heterozygotes play a vital role in agriculture and animal breeding. Farmers often select for heterozygotes to enhance desirable traits in crops and livestock. For example, hybrid plants that are heterozygotes for certain traits may yield more produce or be more resilient to pests and diseases. This practice of hybridization takes advantage of the benefits associated with genetic diversity, leading to improved agricultural outcomes.In conclusion, the concept of heterozygotes is fundamental to understanding genetics, health, evolution, and agriculture. By studying heterozygotes, scientists can gain insights into how genetic variations affect organisms and their interactions with the environment. As research continues to advance, the implications of heterozygotes will undoubtedly expand, further emphasizing their importance in various biological fields. Understanding heterozygotes not only enhances our knowledge of genetics but also informs practices in medicine, conservation, and agriculture, ultimately contributing to a better understanding of life itself.

在遗传学的研究中，理解杂合子这一概念至关重要。杂合子指的是在特定基因上具有两个不同等位基因的个体。这种遗传变异在决定生物体的性状方面发挥着重要作用，并可能影响其适应变化环境的能力。例如，在人类中，一个有一个棕色眼睛等位基因和一个蓝色眼睛等位基因的人被视为杂合子。这种遗传多样性通常导致表型可能是两种性状的混合，或者根据所涉及等位基因的显性和隐性表达一种性状。杂合子的重要性超越了单纯的外貌；它还影响健康和疾病易感性。许多遗传疾病以隐性方式遗传，这意味着个体必须继承两个突变基因的拷贝才能表现出该疾病。然而，携带一个正常等位基因和一个突变等位基因的杂合子通常不会出现疾病症状。经典的例子是镰刀型细胞贫血。对于镰刀型细胞特征的杂合子个体，他们有一个正常的血红蛋白等位基因和一个镰刀细胞等位基因。他们通常不会遭受该疾病，但在一定程度上对疟疾具有保护作用，展示了作为杂合子的优势和劣势。此外，杂合子的研究在进化生物学领域也至关重要。杂合子优势的概念表明，在某些环境中，拥有两个不同等位基因可以提供生存优势。例如，在疟疾流行的地区，镰刀型细胞基因的杂合子个体不太可能遭受严重的疟疾感染。这一现象有助于维持种群内的遗传多样性，因为那些具有有利的杂合子基因型的个体更有可能生存和繁殖。此外，杂合子在农业和动物育种中也发挥着重要作用。农民通常选择杂合子来增强作物和家畜的优良性状。例如，某些性状的杂合子杂交植物可能产量更高或对害虫和疾病更具韧性。这种杂交实践利用了与遗传多样性相关的好处，从而改善农业成果。总之，杂合子的概念对于理解遗传学、健康、进化和农业至关重要。通过研究杂合子，科学家可以深入了解遗传变异如何影响生物体及其与环境的相互作用。随着研究的不断推进，杂合子的影响无疑将扩展，进一步强调它们在各个生物学领域中的重要性。理解杂合子不仅增强了我们对遗传学的知识，还为医学、保护和农业中的实践提供了信息，最终有助于更好地理解生命本身。