chilling injury

简明释义

冷害

英英释义

例句

1.To prevent chilling injury, it's important to cover young plants during cold nights.

为了防止冷害，在寒冷的夜晚覆盖幼苗是很重要的。

2.After the frost, many of the fruits showed signs of chilling injury, making them unmarketable.

霜冻过后，许多水果出现了冷害的迹象，使它们无法上市。

3.Farmers should be aware of chilling injury when planting sensitive crops in early spring.

农民在春季早期种植敏感作物时应注意冷害。

4.The tomato plants suffered from chilling injury due to the unexpected drop in temperature last night.

由于昨晚意外降温，番茄植物遭受了冷害。

5.The research focused on the effects of chilling injury on the yield of various vegetable crops.

研究集中在冷害对各种蔬菜作物产量的影响上。

作文

The term chilling injury refers to the damage that occurs to plants and fruits when they are exposed to low temperatures, typically above freezing but below the optimal temperature for growth. This phenomenon can significantly impact agricultural productivity, particularly in regions where temperature fluctuations are common. Understanding chilling injury is crucial for farmers, horticulturists, and anyone involved in the cultivation of temperature-sensitive crops.When plants experience chilling injury, their physiological processes become impaired. For instance, the membranes of plant cells can become destabilized, leading to leakage of cellular contents. This can result in wilting, browning, or even death of the plant tissue. Fruits that suffer from chilling injury may exhibit symptoms such as pitting, water-soaked areas, and accelerated decay. These effects not only reduce the aesthetic quality of the produce but also diminish its nutritional value and shelf life.The causes of chilling injury are complex and can vary depending on the species of plant and the environmental conditions. Some plants are more susceptible to chilling temperatures due to their genetic makeup, while others have developed mechanisms to tolerate lower temperatures. For example, tropical fruits like bananas and avocados are highly sensitive to chilling injury, while certain varieties of apples can withstand colder temperatures better.To mitigate the effects of chilling injury, growers can implement several strategies. One effective method is to monitor weather conditions closely and provide adequate protection for vulnerable crops during cold snaps. This can include using row covers, greenhouses, or other protective structures that help maintain a more stable temperature around the plants. Additionally, selecting varieties that are more resistant to chilling injury can be beneficial. Breeding programs that focus on developing hardier cultivars can lead to significant improvements in crop resilience.Another important aspect of managing chilling injury is understanding the timing of exposure. For instance, if plants are gradually acclimated to cooler temperatures, they may develop a greater tolerance to chilling stress. This process, known as hardening off, involves exposing young plants to lower temperatures gradually, allowing them to adjust without suffering severe damage.In conclusion, the concept of chilling injury is vital for anyone involved in agriculture, especially in regions prone to temperature fluctuations. By recognizing the signs of this condition and implementing effective management strategies, growers can protect their crops and ensure a successful harvest. As climate change continues to affect weather patterns, the importance of understanding and addressing chilling injury will only grow, making it essential for the future of sustainable agriculture.

“chilling injury”指的是植物和水果在暴露于低温（通常高于冰点但低于最佳生长温度）时发生的损伤。这种现象可能会显著影响农业生产力，特别是在温度波动频繁的地区。理解chilling injury对农民、园艺师以及任何参与温度敏感作物栽培的人来说都是至关重要的。当植物经历chilling injury时，它们的生理过程会受到损害。例如，植物细胞的膜可能会不稳定，导致细胞内容物泄漏。这可能导致植物组织的枯萎、变褐或甚至死亡。遭受chilling injury的水果可能会出现如凹陷、水浸区域和加速腐烂等症状。这些影响不仅降低了产品的美观质量，还减少了其营养价值和保质期。造成chilling injury的原因复杂多样，可能因植物种类和环境条件而异。有些植物由于其遗传构成对寒冷温度更为敏感，而其他植物则发展出耐受较低温度的机制。例如，热带水果如香蕉和鳄梨对chilling injury高度敏感，而某些品种的苹果能更好地承受寒冷温度。为了减轻chilling injury的影响，种植者可以实施几种策略。一种有效的方法是密切监测天气条件，并在寒潮期间为易受影响的作物提供适当的保护。这可以包括使用覆盖布、温室或其他保护结构，以帮助维持植物周围更稳定的温度。此外，选择对chilling injury更具抗性的品种也很有益。专注于开发更坚韧品种的育种计划可以显著改善作物的抗逆性。管理chilling injury的另一个重要方面是了解暴露的时机。例如，如果植物逐渐适应较低的温度，它们可能会对寒冷压力产生更大的耐受性。这一过程称为硬化，涉及将幼苗逐渐暴露于较低的温度，使它们能够调整而不遭受严重损害。总之，chilling injury的概念对于任何参与农业的人来说都是至关重要的，尤其是在容易发生温度波动的地区。通过识别这种情况的迹象并实施有效的管理策略，种植者可以保护他们的作物并确保成功的收成。随着气候变化继续影响天气模式，理解和应对chilling injury的重要性只会增加，这使得它对可持续农业的未来至关重要。