carbamyl phosphate

简明释义

氨基甲酰磷酸盐

英英释义

例句

1.The enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes the synthesis of carbamyl phosphate from bicarbonate and ammonia.

酶氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶催化氨基甲酰磷酸从碳酸氢盐和氨合成。

2.Deficiencies in the enzyme required for carbamyl phosphate production can lead to metabolic disorders.

缺乏合成氨基甲酰磷酸所需的酶可能导致代谢紊乱。

3.In the urea cycle, the first step involves the formation of carbamyl phosphate, which is essential for converting ammonia into urea.

在尿素循环中，第一步涉及形成氨基甲酰磷酸，这是将氨转化为尿素所必需的。

4.The study focused on how carbamyl phosphate contributes to the synthesis of pyrimidines.

该研究集中于氨基甲酰磷酸如何促进嘧啶的合成。

5.Research has shown that carbamyl phosphate plays a significant role in nitrogen metabolism.

研究表明，氨基甲酰磷酸在氮代谢中起着重要作用。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, understanding the various compounds and their roles is crucial for comprehending metabolic processes. One such compound is carbamyl phosphate, a vital intermediate in the urea cycle and in the synthesis of pyrimidines. The significance of carbamyl phosphate lies in its involvement in removing excess nitrogen from the body, which is essential for maintaining nitrogen balance and preventing toxicity. This compound is synthesized from ammonia and bicarbonate in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I. This process occurs primarily in the mitochondria of liver cells, highlighting the importance of cellular location in biochemical reactions.The formation of carbamyl phosphate is the first step in the urea cycle, which converts toxic ammonia into urea, a safer compound that can be excreted by the kidneys. The urea cycle is a series of enzymatic reactions that play a critical role in detoxifying ammonia, and without carbamyl phosphate, this cycle would not initiate, leading to potentially harmful levels of ammonia in the bloodstream.Moreover, carbamyl phosphate also plays a role in the synthesis of nucleotides, specifically pyrimidines, which are essential components of DNA and RNA. In this context, carbamyl phosphate is converted into orotate through the action of the enzyme aspartate transcarbamylase. This step is crucial for the production of nucleic acids, which are necessary for cell division and growth.The regulation of carbamyl phosphate levels is tightly controlled within the cell. Factors such as the availability of substrates (ammonia and bicarbonate) and the activity of the enzymes involved can influence its concentration. For instance, during periods of high protein intake, the demand for carbamyl phosphate increases, facilitating the detoxification of excess nitrogen. Conversely, in conditions of starvation or low protein intake, the production of carbamyl phosphate may decrease, reflecting the body's need to conserve resources.Furthermore, disturbances in the metabolism of carbamyl phosphate can lead to metabolic disorders. For example, deficiencies in the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I result in hyperammonemia, a condition characterized by elevated ammonia levels in the blood, which can cause neurological damage if left untreated. Understanding the pathways involving carbamyl phosphate is therefore essential for diagnosing and treating such metabolic disorders.In conclusion, carbamyl phosphate is more than just a biochemical compound; it is a key player in vital metabolic pathways that ensure the proper functioning of the body. Its role in the urea cycle and nucleotide synthesis underscores its importance in maintaining homeostasis and supporting cellular activities. As research continues to uncover the complexities of metabolic pathways, the study of compounds like carbamyl phosphate will remain fundamental to our understanding of human health and disease.

在生物化学领域，理解各种化合物及其作用对于理解代谢过程至关重要。其中一个重要的化合物是氨基甲酰磷酸，它是尿素循环和嘧啶合成中的重要中间体。氨基甲酰磷酸的重要性在于它参与去除体内多余的氮，这是维持氮平衡和防止毒性的关键。该化合物通过氨和碳酸氢盐的反应合成，该反应由酶氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶I催化。这个过程主要发生在肝细胞的线粒体中，突显了细胞位置在生化反应中的重要性。氨基甲酰磷酸的形成是尿素循环的第一步，该循环将有毒的氨转化为尿素，这是一种可以被肾脏排泄的更安全的化合物。尿素循环是一系列酶促反应，在解毒氨方面发挥着关键作用，没有氨基甲酰磷酸，这个循环就无法启动，导致血液中可能出现有害的氨水平。此外，氨基甲酰磷酸还在核苷酸的合成中发挥作用，特别是嘧啶，它们是DNA和RNA的重要组成部分。在这个背景下，氨基甲酰磷酸通过酶天冬氨酸转氨基酶的作用转化为氨基嘧啶。这一步骤对于核酸的生产至关重要，这些核酸对细胞分裂和生长是必不可少的。氨基甲酰磷酸水平的调节在细胞内受到严格控制。底物（氨和碳酸氢盐）的可用性以及所涉及酶的活性等因素都可以影响其浓度。例如，在高蛋白摄入期间，对氨基甲酰磷酸的需求增加，从而促进多余氮的解毒。相反，在饥饿或低蛋白摄入的情况下，氨基甲酰磷酸的产生可能会减少，反映出身体需要节约资源。此外，氨基甲酰磷酸的代谢紊乱可能导致代谢疾病。例如，氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶I的缺陷会导致高氨血症，这是一种以血液中氨水平升高为特征的疾病，如果不加以治疗，会导致神经损伤。因此，了解涉及氨基甲酰磷酸的途径对于诊断和治疗此类代谢疾病至关重要。总之，氨基甲酰磷酸不仅仅是一个生化化合物；它是确保身体正常运作的重要代谢途径中的关键角色。它在尿素循环和核苷酸合成中的作用突显了它在维持稳态和支持细胞活动中的重要性。随着研究继续揭示代谢途径的复杂性，像氨基甲酰磷酸这样的化合物的研究将继续是我们理解人类健康和疾病的基础。