capsular polysaccharide

简明释义

荚膜多糖类

英英释义

例句

1.The capsular polysaccharide serves as a protective barrier for the bacteria against environmental stress.

对于细菌而言，荚膜多糖充当了保护屏障，抵御环境压力。

2.In laboratory tests, the presence of capsular polysaccharide was linked to increased resistance to phagocytosis.

在实验室测试中，荚膜多糖的存在与对吞噬作用的抵抗力增强有关。

3.Vaccines targeting the capsular polysaccharide of certain bacteria can significantly reduce infection rates.

针对某些细菌的荚膜多糖的疫苗可以显著减少感染率。

4.The bacterium's virulence is largely attributed to its capsular polysaccharide, which helps it evade the host's immune system.

这种细菌的致病性主要归因于其荚膜多糖，这有助于它逃避宿主的免疫系统。

5.Research has shown that the capsular polysaccharide can influence the effectiveness of antibiotics.

研究表明，荚膜多糖可以影响抗生素的有效性。

作文

The immune system is a complex network that protects the body from pathogens, and one of its key components is the recognition of foreign substances. Among these substances are bacteria, which often possess protective layers that can influence how the immune system responds to them. One such layer is the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖), a carbohydrate structure that forms a protective capsule around certain bacteria. This capsule serves multiple functions, primarily aiding in the evasion of the host's immune response. Bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are well-known for their capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) capsules. These structures are composed of long chains of sugar molecules that create a thick barrier, making it difficult for immune cells to recognize and attack the bacteria. The presence of a capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) can significantly enhance a bacterium's virulence, as it allows the pathogen to survive longer in the host and establish infections more effectively.In addition to providing protection from the immune system, the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) can also play a role in the adherence of bacteria to surfaces, including human tissues. This adherence is crucial for colonization and infection, as it enables bacteria to anchor themselves firmly in the host. For instance, the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) of Klebsiella pneumoniae allows it to stick to the respiratory tract, leading to pneumonia and other respiratory infections.Moreover, the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) is also significant in vaccine development. Vaccines that target the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) can stimulate an immune response that prepares the body to fight off actual infections. For example, polysaccharide vaccines have been developed against various encapsulated bacteria, providing immunity by prompting the production of antibodies that specifically recognize these sugar structures. This approach has been particularly effective in reducing the incidence of diseases caused by bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae.The study of capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) also extends beyond human health. In environmental microbiology, understanding how bacteria utilize these structures helps researchers comprehend microbial ecology and the interactions between different species. For instance, some bacteria can produce capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) as a means of forming biofilms, which are communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and are encased in a protective matrix. These biofilms can be found in natural environments, such as rivers and oceans, and can also pose challenges in medical settings, leading to persistent infections.In conclusion, the capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) is a vital component of bacterial biology that has significant implications for human health and disease prevention. By understanding its role in immune evasion, bacterial adherence, and vaccine development, we can better appreciate the complexities of infectious diseases and work towards more effective treatments and preventive measures. As research continues to evolve, the importance of capsular polysaccharide (胶囊多糖) in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria will undoubtedly remain a focal point in microbiology and immunology.

免疫系统是一个复杂的网络，保护身体免受病原体的侵害，其中一个关键组成部分是对外来物质的识别。在这些物质中，细菌常常具有能够影响免疫系统如何应对它们的保护层。其中一种保护层是胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide），它是一种在某些细菌周围形成保护性胶囊的碳水化合物结构。这个胶囊具有多重功能，主要帮助逃避宿主的免疫反应。像肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌这样的细菌以其胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）胶囊而闻名。这些结构由长链糖分子组成，形成厚厚的屏障，使免疫细胞难以识别和攻击细菌。胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）的存在可以显著增强细菌的致病性，因为它使病原体能够在宿主体内存活更长时间，并更有效地建立感染。除了提供免疫系统的保护外，胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）还可以在细菌附着表面，包括人体组织中发挥作用。这种附着对于定殖和感染至关重要，因为它使细菌能够牢固地固定在宿主上。例如，克雷白氏肺炎杆菌的胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）使其能够粘附于呼吸道，导致肺炎和其他呼吸道感染。此外，胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）在疫苗开发中也具有重要意义。针对胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）的疫苗可以刺激免疫反应，准备身体抵御实际感染。例如，已经开发出针对各种被包裹细菌的多糖疫苗，通过促使产生特异性识别这些糖结构的抗体来提供免疫。这种方法在减少由流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）和肺炎链球菌引起的疾病发生率方面特别有效。对胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）的研究也超越了人类健康。在环境微生物学中，理解细菌如何利用这些结构有助于研究人员理解微生物生态和不同物种之间的相互作用。例如，一些细菌可以产生胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）作为形成生物膜的手段，生物膜是附着在表面上的微生物群落，并被保护基质包裹。这些生物膜可以在自然环境中发现，如河流和海洋，也可能在医疗环境中造成挑战，导致持续的感染。总之，胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）是细菌生物学中的一个重要组成部分，对人类健康和疾病预防具有重要影响。通过理解其在免疫逃逸、细菌附着和疫苗开发中的角色，我们可以更好地欣赏感染性疾病的复杂性，并努力实现更有效的治疗和预防措施。随着研究的不断发展，胶囊多糖（capsular polysaccharide）在致病和非致病细菌中的重要性无疑将继续成为微生物学和免疫学的焦点。