capsular bacterium

简明释义

荚膜细菌

英英释义

例句

1.Infections caused by capsular bacterium 胶囊细菌 often require specific antibiotics due to their resistance mechanisms.

由胶囊细菌 capsular bacterium引起的感染通常需要特定的抗生素，因为它们具有抗药机制。

2.Researchers found that the capsular bacterium 胶囊细菌 can evade the immune response by hiding behind its protective capsule.

研究人员发现，胶囊细菌 capsular bacterium可以通过隐藏在其保护性胶囊后面来逃避免疫反应。

3.The laboratory is studying a specific strain of capsular bacterium 胶囊细菌 that causes severe infections in immunocompromised patients.

实验室正在研究一种特定的胶囊细菌 capsular bacterium，它会导致免疫系统受损患者严重感染。

4.Vaccines are being developed to target the polysaccharide capsule of the capsular bacterium 胶囊细菌 responsible for pneumonia.

正在开发疫苗以针对引起肺炎的胶囊细菌 capsular bacterium的多糖胶囊。

5.The presence of a capsular bacterium 胶囊细菌 in a clinical sample can indicate a serious underlying infection.

临床样本中存在胶囊细菌 capsular bacterium可能表明存在严重的潜在感染。

作文

The term capsular bacterium refers to a type of bacteria that possesses a protective outer layer known as a capsule. This capsule is primarily composed of polysaccharides or proteins and serves several vital functions for the bacterium. One of the most critical roles of the capsule is to protect the bacteria from the host's immune system. By surrounding itself with this thick layer, a capsular bacterium can evade phagocytosis, a process where immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens. This ability to resist the immune response makes capsular bacteria particularly virulent and capable of causing severe infections in humans and other organisms.In addition to providing protection, the capsule also aids in the adherence of bacteria to surfaces, which is crucial for colonization and infection. For instance, many pathogenic strains of bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis, are encapsulated. These bacteria utilize their capsules to attach to host tissues, which enhances their ability to establish infections. This adherence is often the first step in the development of diseases, highlighting the importance of the capsule in the lifecycle of a capsular bacterium.Furthermore, the capsule can play a role in the formation of biofilms, which are communities of microorganisms that stick to surfaces and are encased in a protective matrix. Biofilms can be found in various environments, including medical devices and natural ecosystems. The presence of capsular bacteria within these biofilms can complicate treatment efforts, as the bacteria are often more resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants when they are part of a biofilm.Research into capsular bacteria has significant implications for public health. Understanding how these bacteria function and evade the immune system can lead to the development of better vaccines and treatments. For example, some vaccines target the polysaccharide components of bacterial capsules, which can help the immune system recognize and attack the bacteria more effectively. This approach has been successful in reducing the incidence of diseases caused by encapsulated bacteria, such as pneumococcal pneumonia and meningitis.Despite their role in disease, not all capsular bacteria are harmful. Some encapsulated bacteria are part of the normal flora of the human body and contribute to health. For instance, certain strains of Escherichia coli have capsules that help them survive in the gut, where they play a role in digestion and nutrient absorption. This dual nature of capsular bacteria emphasizes the complexity of microbial interactions within our bodies and the environment.In conclusion, the study of capsular bacteria is essential for understanding bacterial pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies. Their unique characteristics, including their protective capsules, allow them to thrive in hostile environments and evade immune responses. As research continues to uncover the mechanisms behind their virulence, we can hope to improve our approaches to preventing and treating infections caused by these formidable microorganisms.

术语capsular bacterium指的是一种具有称为胶囊的保护外层的细菌。这种胶囊主要由多糖或蛋白质组成，并为细菌提供几种重要功能。胶囊最关键的作用之一是保护细菌免受宿主免疫系统的攻击。通过用这一厚层包围自己，capsular bacterium能够逃避吞噬作用，即免疫细胞吞噬和摧毁病原体的过程。这种抵抗免疫反应的能力使得capsular bacteria特别具有毒性，能够在人类和其他生物中引起严重感染。除了提供保护外，胶囊还帮助细菌附着于表面，这对于定殖和感染至关重要。例如，许多致病性细菌株，如肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌，都是有胶囊的。这些细菌利用其胶囊附着于宿主组织，从而增强了它们建立感染的能力。这种附着通常是疾病发展的第一步，突显了胶囊在capsular bacterium生命周期中的重要性。此外，胶囊还可以在生物膜的形成中发挥作用，生物膜是粘附在表面并被保护基质包裹的微生物群落。生物膜可以在各种环境中找到，包括医疗设备和自然生态系统。capsular bacteria在这些生物膜中的存在可能会使治疗工作变得复杂，因为当它们是生物膜的一部分时，细菌通常对抗生素和消毒剂更具抵抗力。对capsular bacteria的研究对公共卫生具有重要意义。了解这些细菌如何运作以及如何逃避免疫系统可以导致更好的疫苗和治疗方法的发展。例如，一些疫苗针对细菌胶囊的多糖成分，可以帮助免疫系统更有效地识别和攻击细菌。这种方法在减少由有胶囊细菌引起的疾病（如肺炎和脑膜炎）的发生率方面取得了成功。尽管它们在疾病中起着作用，但并非所有的capsular bacteria都是有害的。一些有胶囊的细菌是人体正常菌群的一部分，并有助于健康。例如，某些大肠杆菌株具有胶囊，可以帮助它们在肠道中生存，在那里它们在消化和营养吸收中发挥作用。这种capsular bacteria的双重特性强调了我们身体和环境中微生物相互作用的复杂性。总之，研究capsular bacteria对于理解细菌致病机制和开发有效治疗策略至关重要。它们独特的特性，包括保护胶囊，使它们能够在恶劣环境中生存并逃避免疫反应。随着研究继续揭示它们毒性的机制，我们希望改善预防和治疗这些强大微生物引起的感染的方法。