bond angle

简明释义

结合角

英英释义

例句

1.The bond angle 键角 in methane is about 109.5 degrees.

甲烷中的键角 bond angle 大约是109.5度。

2.The bond angle 键角 in ammonia is about 107 degrees.

氨中的键角 bond angle 大约为107度。

3.Understanding the bond angle 键角 can help predict molecular shapes.

理解键角 bond angle 可以帮助预测分子形状。

4.In a water molecule, the bond angle 键角 is approximately 104.5 degrees.

在水分子中，键角 bond angle 大约为104.5度。

5.Different molecular geometries affect the bond angle 键角 significantly.

不同的分子几何形状会显著影响键角 bond angle。

作文

In the study of chemistry, particularly in the field of molecular geometry, understanding the concept of bond angle is crucial. A bond angle refers to the angle formed between two bonds that are attached to a central atom. This geometric arrangement plays a significant role in determining the shape and reactivity of molecules, which in turn affects their physical and chemical properties. For instance, water (H2O) has a bond angle of approximately 104.5 degrees, which contributes to its unique properties such as high surface tension and solvent capabilities. The bond angle is influenced by several factors, including the number of electron pairs around the central atom and the electronegativity of the atoms involved. In the case of methane (CH4), the bond angle is about 109.5 degrees, indicative of its tetrahedral structure. This specific arrangement minimizes the repulsion between the electron pairs, leading to a stable molecule. Conversely, in molecules like ammonia (NH3), the presence of a lone pair of electrons affects the bond angle, reducing it to about 107 degrees due to increased repulsion. Understanding bond angles is not just an academic exercise; it has practical implications in various fields such as drug design, materials science, and environmental chemistry. For example, when designing pharmaceuticals, chemists must consider the bond angles to ensure that the drug will fit properly into its biological target, such as a receptor or enzyme. Any alteration in the bond angle can lead to a loss of efficacy or increased side effects. Moreover, the study of bond angles extends to complex molecules, including proteins and nucleic acids. The three-dimensional structure of these biomolecules is largely determined by the bond angles between the constituent atoms. This structural information is vital for understanding how these molecules function biologically. For instance, the specific bond angles in DNA contribute to its double helix shape, which is essential for its role in genetic information storage and transfer. In conclusion, the concept of bond angle is fundamental to the understanding of molecular geometry and has wide-ranging implications in both theoretical and applied chemistry. By studying bond angles, scientists can predict the behavior of molecules, design better drugs, and understand the intricate structures of biological macromolecules. As we continue to explore the molecular world, the significance of bond angles will undoubtedly remain a key area of focus. In summary, a bond angle is a vital aspect of molecular structure that illustrates the relationship between atoms in a molecule. Its understanding is essential for anyone studying chemistry, as it provides insights into the behavior and properties of different substances, ultimately contributing to advancements in science and technology.

在化学研究中，特别是在分子几何学领域，理解键角的概念至关重要。键角是指连接到中心原子的两个键之间形成的角度。这种几何排列在决定分子的形状和反应性方面起着重要作用，进而影响它们的物理和化学性质。例如，水（H2O）的键角约为104.5度，这有助于其独特的性质，如高表面张力和溶剂能力。键角受多个因素的影响，包括中心原子周围的电子对数量和参与原子的电负性。在甲烷（CH4）的情况下，键角约为109.5度，表明其四面体结构。这种特定的排列最小化了电子对之间的排斥，从而导致分子稳定。相反，在氨气（NH3）等分子中，孤立电子对的存在影响了键角，由于增加的排斥使其减少到约107度。理解键角不仅仅是学术练习；它在药物设计、材料科学和环境化学等各个领域具有实际意义。例如，在设计药物时，化学家必须考虑键角以确保药物能够正确地适应其生物靶标，如受体或酶。键角的任何变化都可能导致疗效下降或副作用增加。此外，键角的研究扩展到复杂分子，包括蛋白质和核酸。这些生物大分子的三维结构在很大程度上由组成原子之间的键角决定。这些结构信息对于理解这些分子的生物功能至关重要。例如，DNA中的特定键角有助于其双螺旋形状，这对于其在遗传信息存储和转移中的角色至关重要。总之，键角的概念是理解分子几何学的基础，对理论和应用化学都有广泛的影响。通过研究键角，科学家可以预测分子的行为，设计更好的药物，并理解生物大分子的复杂结构。随着我们继续探索分子世界，键角的重要性无疑将仍然是一个关键关注领域。总之，键角是分子结构的一个重要方面，说明了分子中原子之间的关系。其理解对于任何学习化学的人都是必不可少的，因为它提供了对不同物质行为和性质的洞察，最终促进了科学和技术的进步。