base pair

简明释义

碱基对

英英释义

例句

1.Each base pair consists of two nucleotides that complement each other.

每个碱基对由两个互补的核苷酸组成。

2.DNA replication involves unwinding the double helix and separating the base pairs.

DNA复制涉及解开双螺旋并分离碱基对。

3.In genetic testing, scientists analyze specific base pairs to identify mutations.

在基因检测中，科学家分析特定的碱基对以识别突变。

4.The human genome contains over three billion base pairs.

人类基因组包含超过三十亿个碱基对。

5.The sequence of the DNA is determined by the order of the base pairs.

DNA的序列由碱基对的顺序决定。

作文

In the world of genetics, understanding the fundamental building blocks of DNA is crucial. One of the most important concepts in this field is the notion of a base pair. A base pair consists of two nitrogenous bases that are connected by hydrogen bonds, forming the rungs of the DNA ladder. The sequence of these base pairs encodes genetic information, which is essential for the development and functioning of all living organisms. DNA is composed of four types of nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). In a base pair, adenine always pairs with thymine, while cytosine pairs with guanine. This specific pairing is known as complementary base pairing and is critical for the accurate replication of DNA during cell division. When cells divide, they must replicate their DNA so that each new cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. The base pairs play a vital role in this process, as the complementary nature ensures that the genetic code remains intact.The study of base pairs has significant implications in various fields, including medicine, forensics, and evolutionary biology. For instance, the identification of specific base pairs can help scientists understand genetic disorders. Mutations or changes in the sequence of base pairs can lead to diseases such as cancer. By analyzing these sequences, researchers can identify potential targets for new therapies or develop diagnostic tools to detect these conditions early.In forensics, the analysis of base pairs is crucial for DNA profiling. By comparing the base pairs in a sample from a crime scene with those from a suspect, investigators can determine whether there is a match. This powerful technique has revolutionized criminal investigations and has been instrumental in exonerating wrongfully convicted individuals.Moreover, understanding base pairs is essential for evolutionary biology. Scientists can compare the base pairs of different species to trace their evolutionary history and understand how they are related. This comparative analysis can reveal insights into how certain traits have evolved over time and how species adapt to their environments.As technology advances, scientists are increasingly able to manipulate base pairs through techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9, which allows for precise editing of DNA sequences. This groundbreaking technology holds promise for treating genetic diseases, improving crop resilience, and even combating climate change by engineering organisms that can thrive in challenging conditions.In conclusion, the concept of a base pair is fundamental to the study of genetics and has far-reaching applications across various scientific disciplines. By understanding how base pairs work, we can unlock the mysteries of life itself, paving the way for innovations that can enhance human health, solve crimes, and deepen our understanding of the natural world.

在遗传学的世界中，理解DNA的基本构建块至关重要。这个领域中最重要的概念之一是碱基对的概念。碱基对由两个氮基组成，它们通过氢键相连，形成DNA梯子的横档。这些碱基对的序列编码着遗传信息，这对于所有生物体的发展和功能至关重要。DNA由四种类型的氮基组成：腺嘌呤（A）、胸腺嘧啶（T）、胞嘧啶（C）和鸟嘌呤（G）。在一个碱基对中，腺嘌呤总是与胸腺嘧啶配对，而胞嘧啶则与鸟嘌呤配对。这种特定的配对被称为互补碱基配对，对于细胞分裂过程中DNA的准确复制至关重要。当细胞分裂时，它们必须复制DNA，以便每个新细胞都能获得遗传物质的相同副本。碱基对在这个过程中发挥着重要作用，因为互补的特性确保了遗传代码的完整性。对碱基对的研究在医学、法医学和进化生物学等多个领域具有重要意义。例如，特定碱基对的识别可以帮助科学家理解遗传疾病。碱基对序列中的突变或变化可能导致癌症等疾病。通过分析这些序列，研究人员可以识别潜在的新疗法目标或开发早期检测这些疾病的诊断工具。在法医学中，碱基对的分析对于DNA鉴定至关重要。通过比较犯罪现场样本中的碱基对与嫌疑人的样本，调查人员可以确定是否存在匹配。这一强大的技术彻底改变了刑事调查，并在为冤屈者平反方面发挥了重要作用。此外，了解碱基对对于进化生物学至关重要。科学家可以比较不同物种的碱基对，以追溯它们的进化历史并了解它们之间的关系。这种比较分析可以揭示某些特征如何随时间演变以及物种如何适应其环境。随着技术的进步，科学家越来越能够通过CRISPR-Cas9等技术操纵碱基对，这允许对DNA序列进行精确编辑。这项突破性的技术在治疗遗传疾病、提高作物抗逆性甚至通过工程化能够在恶劣条件下生存的生物来应对气候变化方面具有希望。总之，碱基对的概念是遗传学研究的基础，并在多个科学学科中具有广泛的应用。通过了解碱基对的工作原理，我们可以揭开生命本身的奥秘，为改善人类健康、解决犯罪和加深我们对自然世界的理解铺平道路。