absorption cross

简明释义

替换回交

英英释义

例句

1.The absorption cross of a material determines how much light it can absorb.

材料的吸收截面决定了它能够吸收多少光。

2.The absorption cross of a photon depends on the energy levels of the atoms involved.

光子的吸收截面取决于相关原子的能级。

3.In spectroscopy, the absorption cross is crucial for understanding molecular interactions.

在光谱学中，吸收截面对于理解分子间的相互作用至关重要。

4.Researchers measured the absorption cross of the gas to evaluate its concentration in the atmosphere.

研究人员测量了气体的吸收截面以评估其在大气中的浓度。

5.An increased absorption cross indicates that a material is more effective at absorbing radiation.

增加的吸收截面表明材料在吸收辐射方面更有效。

作文

In the realm of physics and engineering, the concept of absorption cross plays a crucial role in understanding how different materials interact with electromagnetic radiation. The term refers to a measure of the likelihood that a photon will be absorbed by a particle or atom when it encounters it. This concept is particularly significant in fields such as optics, astrophysics, and material science, where the absorption properties of various substances can greatly influence the behavior of light and other forms of radiation.To delve deeper into the implications of absorption cross, we must first understand its mathematical representation. The absorption cross section is typically denoted by the symbol σ (sigma) and is expressed in units of area, often in square centimeters. It quantifies the effective target area that a particle presents to incoming photons. A larger absorption cross section indicates a higher probability of absorption, meaning that the material is more likely to capture incoming light.For instance, consider a scenario involving a laser beam directed at a sample of gas. The absorption cross section of the gas molecules determines how much of the laser light is absorbed as it travels through the medium. If the gas has a high absorption cross section at the wavelength of the laser, most of the light will be absorbed, resulting in a decrease in intensity as it moves through the gas. Conversely, if the gas has a low absorption cross section, the majority of the light will pass through with minimal loss.The significance of absorption cross extends beyond basic physics; it also has practical applications in various technologies. For example, in solar energy conversion, materials with optimal absorption cross sections are sought after to maximize the efficiency of solar cells. By selecting materials that have high absorption cross sections for the wavelengths of sunlight, engineers can enhance the performance of photovoltaic systems.Moreover, in the field of environmental monitoring, the absorption cross section is vital for remote sensing applications. Satellites equipped with sensors can measure the absorption characteristics of atmospheric gases, allowing scientists to monitor pollution levels and track changes in the environment. This data is essential for understanding climate change and its impacts on our planet.Additionally, in medical imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans, the absorption cross section can influence the contrast and clarity of images. Understanding how different tissues absorb radiation helps radiologists interpret images more effectively, leading to better diagnosis and treatment planning.In conclusion, the concept of absorption cross is fundamental in various scientific and engineering disciplines. Its ability to quantify the interaction between photons and matter provides valuable insights into the behavior of light and radiation in different contexts. As technology continues to advance, the importance of understanding absorption cross will only grow, leading to innovations in energy, environmental science, and medical technology. By exploring and mastering this concept, researchers and engineers can unlock new possibilities and improve our understanding of the physical world around us.

在物理和工程领域，吸收截面的概念在理解不同材料如何与电磁辐射相互作用方面起着至关重要的作用。该术语指的是光子在遇到粒子或原子时被吸收的可能性度量。这个概念在光学、天体物理学和材料科学等领域尤其重要，因为各种物质的吸收特性会极大地影响光和其他形式辐射的行为。要深入了解吸收截面的含义，我们必须首先理解其数学表示。吸收截面通常用希腊字母σ（西格玛）表示，并以面积单位表示，通常为平方厘米。它量化了粒子对入射光子的有效靶区面积。较大的吸收截面表明更高的吸收概率，这意味着材料更有可能捕获入射光。例如，考虑一个激光束照射到气体样本的场景。气体分子的吸收截面决定了激光光束在穿过介质时被吸收的程度。如果气体在激光波长下具有高吸收截面，大部分光将被吸收，导致光强度随着光束穿过气体而减弱。相反，如果气体的吸收截面较低，大部分光将以最小损失通过。吸收截面的重要性超越了基本物理，它在各种技术中也有实际应用。例如，在太阳能转换中，寻找最佳吸收截面的材料是为了最大化太阳能电池的效率。通过选择在阳光波长下具有高吸收截面的材料，工程师可以提高光伏系统的性能。此外，在环境监测领域，吸收截面对遥感应用至关重要。配备传感器的卫星可以测量大气气体的吸收特性，使科学家能够监测污染水平并跟踪环境变化。这些数据对于理解气候变化及其对我们星球的影响至关重要。另外，在医学成像技术如MRI和CT扫描中，吸收截面会影响图像的对比度和清晰度。理解不同组织如何吸收辐射有助于放射科医生更有效地解读图像，从而更好地进行诊断和治疗规划。总之，吸收截面的概念在各种科学和工程学科中是基础性的。它量化光子与物质相互作用的能力提供了关于光和辐射在不同背景下行为的宝贵见解。随着技术的不断进步，理解吸收截面的重要性只会增加，从而推动能源、环境科学和医疗技术的创新。通过探索和掌握这一概念，研究人员和工程师可以开启新的可能性，提高我们对周围物理世界的理解。