unconditioned reflex

简明释义

无条件反射

英英释义

例句

1.The salivation in dogs when they see food is a classic example of an unconditioned reflex.

狗看到食物时流口水是一个经典的无条件反射例子。

2.In biology class, we learned that blinking in response to a sudden light is an unconditioned reflex.

在生物课上，我们了解到对突然光线的眨眼反应是一个无条件反射。

3.The knee-jerk reaction when the doctor taps your knee is an example of an unconditioned reflex.

医生敲打你的膝盖时产生的膝跳反应是一个无条件反射的例子。

4.A baby instinctively grasping a finger placed in its palm demonstrates an unconditioned reflex.

婴儿本能地抓住放在其手掌中的手指展示了一个无条件反射。

5.When you touch something hot and immediately pull your hand away, that's an unconditioned reflex.

当你触摸到热物体并立即将手抽回时，这就是一个无条件反射。

作文

The concept of unconditioned reflex is fundamental in the study of psychology and neuroscience. An unconditioned reflex refers to an automatic, instinctive response to a specific stimulus that does not require prior learning or conditioning. This type of reflex is innate and occurs naturally in response to certain stimuli. For example, when a person touches a hot stove, the immediate withdrawal of the hand is an unconditioned reflex. The body reacts without any conscious thought, demonstrating the efficiency of this biological mechanism.Understanding unconditioned reflex helps us appreciate how organisms interact with their environment. These reflexes are crucial for survival, allowing individuals to respond quickly to potentially harmful situations. In the animal kingdom, many behaviors are driven by unconditioned reflexes, ensuring species can react to threats without needing to learn from experience.In humans, the classic example of an unconditioned reflex is the knee-jerk response. When a doctor taps below the kneecap, the leg kicks out involuntarily. This reflex is mediated by the spinal cord and does not involve the brain, showcasing how unconditioned reflexes operate independently of higher cognitive processes.Moreover, the study of unconditioned reflexes has implications in various fields, including education and behavior modification. For instance, understanding these reflexes can aid educators in creating effective teaching strategies that align with natural responses. By tapping into students' innate reactions, teachers can foster a more engaging learning environment.In psychology, the concept of unconditioned reflex is often contrasted with conditioned reflexes, which are learned responses developed through experience. The famous experiments conducted by Ivan Pavlov with dogs illustrate this distinction well. Pavlov discovered that dogs could learn to associate a neutral stimulus, like the sound of a bell, with food, leading to a conditioned response of salivation upon hearing the bell. In this case, the salivation in response to food is an unconditioned reflex, while the salivation in response to the bell is a conditioned one.The significance of unconditioned reflexes extends beyond simple reactions; they play a role in emotional responses as well. For example, the startle reflex when hearing a sudden loud noise is another instance of an unconditioned reflex. This reflex can trigger feelings of fear or anxiety, highlighting how biological mechanisms can influence our emotional state.In conclusion, the study of unconditioned reflexes provides valuable insights into human and animal behavior. These instinctive responses are essential for survival, demonstrating how organisms are equipped to handle dangers without the need for conscious thought. Recognizing the role of unconditioned reflexes in our lives can enhance our understanding of psychological processes and improve educational practices. As we continue to explore the complexities of the human mind, the foundational knowledge of unconditioned reflexes remains a critical area of focus.

‘无条件反射’这一概念在心理学和神经科学的研究中具有基础性意义。‘无条件反射’指的是对特定刺激的自动、直觉反应，这种反应不需要事先的学习或条件反射。这种类型的反射是与生俱来的，针对某些刺激自然发生。例如，当一个人触碰到热炉子时，立即收回手的动作就是一种‘无条件反射’。身体在没有任何意识思考的情况下作出反应，展示了这一生物机制的高效性。理解‘无条件反射’有助于我们欣赏生物体如何与环境互动。这些反射对于生存至关重要，使个体能够迅速对潜在的危险情况做出反应。在动物王国中，许多行为都是由‘无条件反射’驱动的，确保物种能够在不需要从经验中学习的情况下对威胁作出反应。在人类中，‘无条件反射’的经典例子是膝反射。当医生在膝盖下方轻拍时，腿会不自觉地踢出。这种反射是通过脊髓介导的，不涉及大脑，展示了‘无条件反射’如何独立于更高的认知过程运作。此外，‘无条件反射’的研究在教育和行为修改等多个领域都有重要意义。例如，理解这些反射可以帮助教育者制定有效的教学策略，与自然反应相一致。通过利用学生的固有反应，教师可以营造更具吸引力的学习环境。在心理学中，‘无条件反射’的概念通常与条件反射形成对比，后者是通过经验发展而来的学习反应。伊万·巴甫洛夫对狗的经典实验很好地说明了这一区别。巴甫洛夫发现，狗可以学习将一个中性刺激（如铃声）与食物联系起来，从而导致在听到铃声时产生条件反应——流口水。在这种情况下，对食物的流口水是‘无条件反射’，而对铃声的流口水则是条件反射。‘无条件反射’的意义不仅限于简单的反应；它们在情感反应中也起着作用。例如，听到突然的响声时的惊吓反射就是‘无条件反射’的另一个实例。这种反射可以引发恐惧或焦虑的感觉，突显了生物机制如何影响我们的情感状态。总之，‘无条件反射’的研究为人类和动物行为提供了有价值的见解。这些本能反应对于生存至关重要，展示了生物体如何具备处理危险的能力，而无需进行意识思考。认识到‘无条件反射’在我们生活中的作用，可以增强我们对心理过程的理解，并改善教育实践。随着我们继续探索人类思维的复杂性，‘无条件反射’的基础知识仍然是一个关键的关注领域。