phrenological

简明释义

英[ˌfrenəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]美[ˌfrenəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]

颅相学的

骨相学的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In an early attempt at brain mapping, this etching of a symbolic head and phrenological chart aims to explain the functions designated to the different "organs" of the brain.

在早期尝试脑映射的方法中，这种方法用符号和脑图来解释脑不同器官的不同功能。

2.In an early attempt at brain mapping, this etching of a symbolic head and phrenological chart aims to explain the functions designated to the different "organs" of the brain.

在早期尝试脑映射的方法中，这种方法用符号和脑图来解释脑不同器官的不同功能。

3.The phrenological 颅相学的 map on the wall illustrated various personality traits associated with different parts of the skull.

墙上的颅相学的地图展示了与头骨不同部分相关的各种个性特征。

4.He was fascinated by phrenological 颅相学的 charts and often used them to analyze his friends' personalities.

他对颅相学的图表着迷，经常用它们来分析朋友的个性。

5.In her lecture, she discussed how phrenological 颅相学的 practices influenced early psychology.

在她的讲座中，她讨论了颅相学的实践如何影响早期心理学。

6.The study of the human mind often includes references to phrenological 颅相学的 theories that were popular in the 19th century.

对人类思维的研究通常包括对19世纪流行的颅相学的理论的引用。

7.Critics argue that phrenological 颅相学的 assessments lack scientific validity and are based on pseudoscience.

批评者认为颅相学的评估缺乏科学有效性，并且基于伪科学。

作文

In the realm of psychology and the study of human behavior, one intriguing concept that has emerged over the years is the idea of phrenological analysis. The term phrenological refers to the study of the shape and size of the skull as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities. This pseudoscience was popular in the 19th century and was based on the belief that different areas of the brain corresponded to specific personality traits and intellectual functions. Although phrenological practices have been widely discredited today, they played a significant role in the early development of psychology and neuroscience.The origins of phrenological thought can be traced back to the work of Franz Joseph Gall, a German physician, who proposed that the brain was the organ of the mind and that its various functions were localized in different regions. Gall's ideas led to the belief that by examining the bumps and indentations on a person's skull, one could determine their personality traits, moral character, and even their potential for certain professions. This notion gained immense popularity during the Victorian era, where individuals would often consult phrenological charts to understand themselves and others better.Despite its initial appeal, phrenology faced criticism from many in the scientific community. Critics argued that there was no empirical evidence to support the claims made by phrenological practitioners. Moreover, the simplistic categorization of complex human behaviors into distinct traits based on skull shape was seen as overly reductionist. As psychology evolved into a more rigorous science, the focus shifted away from phrenological methods towards more reliable approaches such as behavioral observation and psychological testing.Interestingly, the legacy of phrenological thought still lingers in some contemporary discussions about personality and intelligence. While modern psychology recognizes the complexity of human behavior, some elements of phrenological thinking can be observed in popular culture. For instance, the idea that our physical attributes can reflect our inner qualities continues to influence how people perceive themselves and others. This phenomenon is evident in various fields, including marketing, where companies often target consumers based on perceived personality traits linked to their appearance.Furthermore, the fascination with phrenological concepts can be seen in the resurgence of interest in brain imaging technologies. Today, scientists utilize advanced neuroimaging techniques to explore the connections between brain structure and function, which echoes the early aspirations of phrenologists to link physical attributes to mental capabilities. However, unlike phrenological methods, contemporary neuroscience relies on rigorous scientific principles and empirical data to draw conclusions about the brain and behavior.In conclusion, while phrenological analysis may no longer hold scientific credibility, its historical significance cannot be overlooked. The early attempts to correlate physical characteristics with mental faculties laid the groundwork for future explorations in psychology and neuroscience. Understanding the evolution of ideas like phrenological thought allows us to appreciate the complexities of human behavior and the ongoing quest to understand the mind. As we move forward, it is essential to approach such topics with a critical mindset, recognizing the importance of evidence-based practices in the study of human psychology.

在心理学和人类行为研究的领域中，一个引人入胜的概念是“phrenological”分析。这个术语“phrenological”指的是通过头骨的形状和大小来推测性格和智力的研究。这种伪科学在19世纪非常流行，基于不同大脑区域对应特定个性特征和智力功能的信念。尽管今天“phrenological”的实践已被广泛否定，但它在心理学和神经科学早期发展中发挥了重要作用。“phrenological”思想的起源可以追溯到德国医生弗朗茨·约瑟夫·伽尔的工作，他提出大脑是心灵的器官，其各种功能在不同区域局部化。伽尔的思想导致了这样一种信念：通过检查一个人的头骨上的凸起和凹陷，可以确定他们的个性特征、道德品质，甚至某些职业的潜力。这一观念在维多利亚时代获得了巨大的普及，人们常常咨询“phrenological”图表以更好地理解自己和他人。尽管最初有吸引力，“phrenology”受到了科学界许多人的批评。批评者认为没有实证证据支持“phrenological”从业者的主张。此外，基于头骨形状将复杂的人类行为简单分类的做法被视为过于简化。随着心理学向更严谨的科学发展，重点从“phrenological”方法转向更可靠的方法，如行为观察和心理测试。有趣的是，“phrenological”思想的遗产仍然在一些当代关于个性和智力的讨论中存在。尽管现代心理学认识到人类行为的复杂性，但“phrenological”思维的一些元素在流行文化中依然可见。例如，我们的身体特征可以反映内在品质的观念继续影响人们对自己和他人的看法。这种现象在各种领域中显而易见，包括市场营销，公司常常根据与外貌相关的感知个性特征来定位消费者。此外，对“phrenological”概念的迷恋可以在对大脑成像技术的重新兴趣中看到。今天，科学家利用先进的神经成像技术探索大脑结构与功能之间的联系，这回响了“phrenologists”早期希望将身体属性与心理能力联系起来的愿望。然而，与“phrenological”方法不同，当代神经科学依赖严格的科学原则和实证数据来得出关于大脑和行为的结论。总之，虽然“phrenological”分析可能不再具有科学可信度，但其历史重要性不可忽视。早期试图将身体特征与心理能力相关联的努力为未来心理学和神经科学的探索奠定了基础。理解像“phrenological”思想这样的观念演变使我们能够欣赏人类行为的复杂性以及理解心灵的持续追求。随着我们向前迈进，重要的是以批判的心态看待这些主题，认识到在研究人类心理学中基于证据的实践的重要性。