rent seeking

简明释义

寻租

英英释义

例句

1.The lobbying efforts by corporations often result in rent seeking 寻租 behavior that benefits a few at the expense of many.

企业的游说活动通常导致寻租行为，这使得少数人受益，而大多数人受到损害。

2.In some countries, rent seeking 寻租 is prevalent in the form of government contracts awarded without proper bidding.

在一些国家，寻租以没有适当招标的形式表现为政府合同的授予。

3.The excessive regulation in the industry has led to increased rent seeking 寻租 activities among firms trying to gain favorable treatment.

行业内过度的监管导致公司之间增加了寻租活动，以试图获得有利待遇。

4.When companies invest more in lobbying than in innovation, they are engaging in rent seeking 寻租 rather than creating value.

当公司在游说上的投资超过了创新时，他们实际上是在进行寻租而不是创造价值。

5.The phenomenon of rent seeking 寻租 can distort market competition and lead to inefficiencies.

寻租现象可能扭曲市场竞争并导致低效率。

作文

In the realm of economics, the term rent seeking refers to the practice of individuals or firms attempting to gain financial benefits through manipulation or exploitation of the political environment rather than through productive economic activities. This concept is crucial for understanding how resources can be misallocated in a society and how certain groups may benefit at the expense of others. Rent seeking can take many forms, including lobbying for favorable regulations, obtaining government contracts without competitive bidding, or using political connections to secure advantages over competitors.The implications of rent seeking are significant. For instance, when businesses engage in rent seeking, they often divert their resources away from innovation and productivity towards activities that aim to influence policy decisions. This not only hampers economic growth but also leads to an unequal distribution of wealth and power. In a market where rent seeking is prevalent, the focus shifts from creating value to capturing existing value, which can stifle competition and discourage new entrants into the market.One of the most notable examples of rent seeking can be found in the agricultural sector, where farmers may lobby for subsidies or protectionist measures that shield them from foreign competition. While these actions may provide short-term benefits for certain farmers, they can lead to higher prices for consumers and a less efficient allocation of resources within the economy. As such, rent seeking can create a cycle where those who are politically connected continue to thrive, while those who are not remain at a disadvantage.Moreover, rent seeking can have broader societal implications. When resources are allocated based on political connections rather than merit, it fosters an environment of corruption and inefficiency. Citizens may become disillusioned with their political systems, leading to decreased trust in government institutions. This erosion of trust can further perpetuate the cycle of rent seeking, as individuals may feel compelled to engage in similar behaviors to protect their own interests.To combat rent seeking, it is essential for policymakers to promote transparency and accountability within government processes. Implementing measures such as campaign finance reform, stricter lobbying regulations, and competitive bidding for government contracts can help reduce the opportunities for rent seeking. Additionally, fostering a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship can shift the focus back to productive economic activities, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.In conclusion, understanding the concept of rent seeking is vital for recognizing the potential pitfalls of political and economic systems. By addressing the incentives that drive rent seeking, societies can work towards creating a more equitable and efficient economy. Ultimately, reducing rent seeking not only promotes fair competition but also encourages a more dynamic and innovative marketplace, benefiting all members of society in the long run.

在经济学领域，术语租金寻求指的是个人或公司试图通过操纵或利用政治环境来获得经济利益，而不是通过生产性经济活动。这一概念对于理解资源如何在社会中被错误配置，以及某些群体如何以其他群体的代价获益至关重要。租金寻求可以采取多种形式，包括游说以获得有利的法规、在没有竞争性投标的情况下获得政府合同，或利用政治关系获取相对于竞争者的优势。租金寻求的影响是显著的。例如，当企业参与租金寻求时，他们往往将资源从创新和生产力转移到旨在影响政策决策的活动中。这不仅妨碍了经济增长，还导致财富和权力的不平等分配。在一个租金寻求盛行的市场中，焦点从创造价值转向捕捉现有价值，这可能会抑制竞争并阻止新进入者进入市场。租金寻求最显著的例子之一可以在农业部门找到，农民可能会游说获得补贴或保护主义措施，以保护自己免受外国竞争。虽然这些行为可能为某些农民带来短期利益，但它们可能导致消费者价格上涨以及经济中资源配置的低效。因此，租金寻求可能会创造一个循环，使那些与政治联系紧密的人继续繁荣，而那些没有联系的人则处于不利地位。此外，租金寻求还可能对更广泛的社会产生影响。当资源根据政治关系而非能力进行分配时，会滋生腐败和低效的环境。公民可能会对他们的政治体系感到失望，从而导致对政府机构信任度的下降。这种信任的侵蚀可能进一步延续租金寻求的循环，因为个人可能觉得必须参与类似的行为来保护自己的利益。为了打击租金寻求，政策制定者必须促进政府过程的透明度和问责制。实施诸如竞选融资改革、更严格的游说法规和政府合同的竞争性投标等措施，可以帮助减少租金寻求的机会。此外，培养创新和企业家精神的文化可以将焦点重新转向生产性经济活动，最终使整个社会受益。总之，理解租金寻求的概念对于认识政治和经济系统潜在的陷阱至关重要。通过解决驱动租金寻求的激励，社会可以朝着创建更公平和高效的经济努力。最终，减少租金寻求不仅促进公平竞争，还鼓励一个更加动态和创新的市场，从长远来看使社会所有成员受益。