pure monopoly

简明释义

纯粹垄断

英英释义

例句

1.A pure monopoly can lead to higher prices and less innovation in the market.

一个纯粹垄断可能导致市场价格上涨和创新减少。

2.The government regulates industries that exhibit characteristics of a pure monopoly to protect consumers.

政府对表现出纯粹垄断特征的行业进行监管，以保护消费者。

3.In a pure monopoly, one company controls the entire market for a product or service.

在纯粹垄断中，一家公司控制了某种产品或服务的整个市场。

4.Utilities often operate as a pure monopoly because it is inefficient to have multiple companies providing the same service.

公用事业通常作为纯粹垄断运营，因为拥有多家公司提供相同服务是低效的。

5.When a single firm dominates the market, it is often referred to as a pure monopoly.

当一家企业主导市场时，通常称其为纯粹垄断。

作文

In the world of economics, the concept of a pure monopoly is crucial to understanding how markets operate. A pure monopoly refers to a market structure where a single seller or producer dominates the entire market for a particular good or service. This means that there are no close substitutes for the product offered by the monopolist, giving them significant control over pricing and supply. In such a scenario, the monopolist can set prices higher than they would be in a competitive market, leading to potential consumer exploitation and reduced overall welfare.The characteristics of a pure monopoly are quite distinct. Firstly, there is a single seller who has exclusive control over the production and sale of a product. For example, consider a utility company that provides water to a city. If this company is the only provider of water, it operates as a pure monopoly. Secondly, there are high barriers to entry for other firms, making it nearly impossible for new competitors to enter the market. These barriers can include significant capital requirements, government regulations, and control over essential resources.The implications of a pure monopoly extend beyond just pricing. Because the monopolist faces no competition, there is less incentive to innovate or improve products. This lack of competition can lead to stagnation in technological advancements and a decline in product quality. Consumers may find themselves with fewer choices, and the overall market can suffer from inefficiencies.Governments often intervene in cases of pure monopoly to protect consumers and encourage competition. Antitrust laws are designed to prevent monopolistic practices and promote a fair marketplace. For instance, if a company is found to be engaging in anti-competitive behavior, such as predatory pricing or exclusive contracts that stifle competition, regulatory bodies may impose fines or break up the company into smaller entities.Moreover, the existence of a pure monopoly can lead to social and economic inequalities. Since monopolists have the power to dictate prices, they can create disparities in access to essential goods and services. This is particularly concerning in sectors like healthcare or education, where access can significantly impact quality of life.In conclusion, understanding the concept of a pure monopoly is vital for grasping the dynamics of market economies. While monopolies can sometimes lead to efficiencies in production and distribution, they often come at the cost of consumer choice and fair pricing. The role of government regulation becomes paramount in ensuring that markets remain competitive and that consumers are protected from the potential abuses of a pure monopoly. As we navigate through an increasingly interconnected global economy, the implications of monopolistic practices will continue to be a significant topic of discussion among economists, policymakers, and consumers alike.

在经济学的世界中，‘纯垄断’这一概念对于理解市场运作至关重要。‘纯垄断’是指一种市场结构，其中单一卖方或生产者主导某种特定商品或服务的整个市场。这意味着没有其他接近的替代品可供消费者选择，从而使垄断者对价格和供应具有显著控制权。在这种情况下，垄断者可以将价格定得高于竞争市场的水平，从而导致潜在的消费者剥削和整体福利的降低。‘纯垄断’的特点非常明显。首先，市场上只有一个卖方，他对产品的生产和销售拥有独占控制权。例如，考虑一家为城市提供水的公用事业公司。如果这家公司是唯一的供水商，它就作为一个‘纯垄断’存在。其次，进入市场的障碍很高，使得其他公司几乎不可能进入市场。这些障碍可能包括巨大的资本要求、政府法规以及对基本资源的控制。‘纯垄断’的影响不仅仅局限于定价。由于垄断者没有竞争，他们缺乏创新或改进产品的动力。这种缺乏竞争的状态可能导致技术进步的停滞和产品质量的下降。消费者可能会发现自己面临更少的选择，整体市场可能会遭受低效率。政府通常会在出现‘纯垄断’的情况下进行干预，以保护消费者并鼓励竞争。反垄断法旨在防止垄断行为并促进公平的市场。例如，如果发现一家公司采取反竞争行为，如掠夺性定价或排他性合同以扼杀竞争，监管机构可能会施加罚款或将公司拆分为较小的实体。此外，‘纯垄断’的存在可能导致社会和经济不平等。由于垄断者有权决定价格，他们可能会造成对基本商品和服务的获取差异。这在医疗或教育等行业尤为令人担忧，因为获取的差异可能对生活质量产生重大影响。总之，理解‘纯垄断’的概念对于掌握市场经济的动态至关重要。虽然垄断有时可以导致生产和分配的效率，但它们往往以消费者选择和公平定价为代价。政府监管的角色在确保市场保持竞争性以及保护消费者免受‘纯垄断’潜在滥用方面变得至关重要。随着我们在日益相互关联的全球经济中航行，垄断行为的影响将继续成为经济学家、政策制定者和消费者讨论的重要话题。