price rigidity

简明释义

价格刚性

英英释义

例句

1.Understanding price rigidity 价格刚性 is crucial for policymakers aiming to implement effective monetary policies.

理解价格刚性 价格刚性对于希望实施有效货币政策的决策者至关重要。

2.The concept of price rigidity 价格刚性 helps explain why some markets are slow to respond to changes in supply and demand.

概念价格刚性 价格刚性有助于解释为什么某些市场对供需变化反应缓慢。

3.In the context of inflation, many economists study price rigidity 价格刚性 to understand why prices do not adjust quickly.

在通货膨胀的背景下，许多经济学家研究价格刚性 价格刚性，以了解为什么价格不会迅速调整。

4.Retailers often face price rigidity 价格刚性 during holiday seasons when they are reluctant to change prices.

零售商在假日季节往往面临价格刚性 价格刚性，因为他们不愿意改变价格。

5.During economic downturns, price rigidity 价格刚性 can prevent prices from falling, leading to prolonged recessions.

在经济衰退期间，价格刚性 价格刚性可能会阻止价格下跌，导致衰退持续时间延长。

作文

Price rigidity, also known as price stickiness, refers to the phenomenon where prices of goods and services do not change quickly in response to changes in supply and demand. This concept is crucial in understanding how markets function and how economic policies can affect overall economic performance. In a perfectly competitive market, prices are expected to fluctuate freely based on the forces of supply and demand. However, in reality, many prices remain stable for extended periods, leading to what economists call price rigidity (价格刚性). One of the primary reasons for price rigidity (价格刚性) is the presence of menu costs. Menu costs are the costs associated with changing prices, such as printing new menus or updating pricing systems. Businesses may choose to keep prices constant rather than incur these costs, especially if they believe that the price change will be temporary. For example, a restaurant might not change its prices frequently because doing so would require reprinting menus and notifying customers, which can be both time-consuming and expensive.Another factor contributing to price rigidity (价格刚性) is long-term contracts. Many businesses enter into contracts that fix prices for a certain period. For instance, labor contracts often include fixed wages for a year or more, making it difficult for employers to adjust wages in response to changing economic conditions. This leads to a situation where even if the demand for labor increases, employers may not be able to raise wages immediately due to contractual obligations.Psychological factors also play a significant role in price rigidity (价格刚性). Consumers and businesses often have expectations about prices based on past experiences. If prices have remained stable for a long time, both consumers and producers may resist price changes, even when market conditions suggest that a change is necessary. This can create a lag in the adjustment process, resulting in prolonged periods of price rigidity (价格刚性).The implications of price rigidity (价格刚性) are significant for macroeconomic policy. For instance, during economic downturns, if prices are rigid, businesses may not reduce prices to stimulate demand. This can lead to an excess supply of goods and services, resulting in higher unemployment rates. Conversely, during periods of economic growth, if prices do not rise quickly enough, it can lead to inflationary pressures as demand outstrips supply.Understanding price rigidity (价格刚性) is essential for policymakers. By recognizing the factors that contribute to price stability, they can devise strategies to encourage price flexibility. For example, reducing menu costs through technology or encouraging flexible wage agreements can help mitigate the effects of price rigidity (价格刚性) in the economy.In conclusion, price rigidity (价格刚性) is a critical concept in economics that affects how markets operate and respond to various stimuli. By examining the causes and consequences of price stickiness, we can better understand the complexities of economic behavior and the importance of adaptive policies in fostering a dynamic and responsive economy.