Gross national product

简明释义

国民生产总值

英英释义

例句

1.The government aims to boost the Gross national product 国民生产总值 through various economic reforms.

政府旨在通过各种经济改革来推动国民生产总值 Gross national product的增长。

2.The country's Gross national product 国民生产总值 has increased significantly over the past year.

该国的国民生产总值 Gross national product在过去一年中显著增长。

3.Economists often use Gross national product 国民生产总值 to measure a nation's economic performance.

经济学家常用国民生产总值 Gross national product来衡量一个国家的经济表现。

4.When comparing countries, analysts look at the Gross national product 国民生产总值 per capita.

在比较国家时，分析师会关注人均国民生产总值 Gross national product。

5.A rise in Gross national product 国民生产总值 usually indicates improved living standards.

国民生产总值 Gross national product的上升通常表明生活水平的提高。

作文

Understanding the concept of Gross National Product is essential for anyone interested in economics and the overall health of a nation's economy. Gross National Product (GNP) refers to the total monetary value of all finished goods and services produced by a country's residents within a specific period, usually a year. This measurement includes the production of citizens and businesses regardless of whether the production takes place domestically or abroad. In contrast, it does not consider the output of foreign residents or companies operating within the country. This distinction is crucial as it helps policymakers and economists assess the economic performance of a nation based on its citizens' contributions.

One of the key advantages of using Gross National Product as an economic indicator is that it offers a broader perspective on national productivity. For instance, if a country has many citizens working abroad and sending money back home, this income contributes positively to the Gross National Product. Thus, GNP can provide insights into the economic welfare of a nation’s residents, even if they are not physically present in the country during their productive activities.

Moreover, Gross National Product can be a useful tool for comparing economic performance across different countries. By looking at GNP per capita, which divides the total GNP by the population, analysts can gauge the average economic output per person. This metric can highlight disparities in wealth and living standards between nations. For example, a country with a high Gross National Product per capita might indicate a higher standard of living compared to a country with a lower GNP per capita, even if both countries have similar total GNP figures.

However, while Gross National Product is a valuable measure, it has its limitations. One major drawback is that it does not account for income inequality within a nation. A high GNP could mask significant disparities in wealth distribution, where a small percentage of the population holds a large portion of the total income. Additionally, GNP does not consider non-market transactions, such as volunteer work or household labor, which contribute to societal well-being but do not have a direct monetary value.

Furthermore, the focus on production can lead to overlooking negative externalities associated with economic activities. For instance, environmental degradation resulting from industrial growth may not be reflected in the Gross National Product, leading to a false sense of economic health. Therefore, while GNP provides valuable information about economic activity, it is important for policymakers to consider other indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and measures of environmental sustainability, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of a nation's economic and social health.

In conclusion, Gross National Product is a fundamental concept in economics that reflects the total value of goods and services produced by a nation's residents. It plays a crucial role in assessing economic performance and comparing living standards internationally. However, it is essential to recognize its limitations and complement it with other metrics to ensure a holistic view of economic health. As we continue to navigate the complexities of global economies, a nuanced understanding of terms like Gross National Product will empower us to make informed decisions that drive sustainable growth and improve the quality of life for all citizens.

理解国民生产总值这一概念对任何对经济学和国家经济整体健康感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的。国民生产总值（GNP）是指在特定时期内（通常为一年）由一个国家的居民生产的所有最终商品和服务的总货币价值。这一测量包括公民和企业的生产，无论生产是在国内还是国外进行。因此，它不考虑在国内运营的外国居民或公司的产出。这一区别至关重要，因为它帮助政策制定者和经济学家根据公民的贡献评估国家的经济表现。

使用国民生产总值作为经济指标的一个主要优点是，它提供了对国家生产力更广泛的视角。例如，如果一个国家有许多公民在国外工作并向家乡汇款，这部分收入会对国民生产总值产生积极影响。因此，GNP可以提供关于国家居民经济福利的见解，即使他们在生产活动期间并不实际存在于该国。

此外，国民生产总值可以作为比较不同国家经济表现的有用工具。通过观察人均GNP（将总GNP除以人口），分析师可以衡量每个人的平均经济产出。这个指标可以突出国家之间财富和生活水平的差异。例如，一个人均国民生产总值较高的国家可能表明其生活水平较高，而即使两个国家的总GNP数字相似。

然而，虽然国民生产总值是一个有价值的衡量标准，但它也有其局限性。一个主要缺点是它没有考虑国家内部的收入不平等。高GNP可能掩盖财富分配上的显著差距，其中少数人群体拥有大部分总收入。此外，GNP并未考虑非市场交易，例如志愿工作或家庭劳动，这些对社会福祉有所贡献但没有直接的货币价值。

此外，专注于生产可能导致忽视与经济活动相关的负外部性。例如，工业增长导致的环境恶化可能不会反映在国民生产总值中，从而导致对经济健康的错误认识。因此，尽管GNP提供了有关经济活动的重要信息，但政策制定者还需要考虑其他指标，如国内生产总值（GDP）、人类发展指数（HDI）和可持续发展指标，以获得对国家经济和社会健康的更全面理解。

总之，国民生产总值是经济学中的一个基本概念，反映了一个国家居民生产的商品和服务的总价值。它在评估经济表现和国际间比较生活水平方面发挥着关键作用。然而，必须认识到其局限性，并结合其他指标，以确保对经济健康的整体看法。随着我们继续应对全球经济的复杂性，对像国民生产总值这样的术语的细致理解将使我们能够做出明智的决策，推动可持续增长，提高所有公民的生活质量。