gene patent

简明释义

基因专利

英英释义

例句

1.In some countries, gene patents 基因专利 are not allowed, which encourages open research.

在一些国家，基因专利 基因专利是不被允许的，这促进了开放研究。

2.The debate over gene patents 基因专利 raises ethical questions about ownership of genetic information.

关于基因专利 基因专利的辩论引发了关于基因信息所有权的伦理问题。

3.The Supreme Court ruled that naturally occurring genes cannot be patented, impacting many gene patents 基因专利 in the U.S.

最高法院裁定，自然存在的基因不能被专利，这影响了美国许多的基因专利 基因专利。

4.The company filed for a gene patent 基因专利 to protect its discovery of a new cancer-related gene.

该公司申请了一个基因专利 基因专利以保护其对一种新的癌症相关基因的发现。

5.Many researchers believe that the current laws on gene patents 基因专利 hinder scientific progress.

许多研究人员认为，当前关于基因专利 基因专利的法律阻碍了科学进步。

作文

The concept of gene patent refers to the legal protection granted to specific sequences of DNA that are identified as having unique properties or functions. This legal framework allows companies or individuals to claim ownership over particular genes, which can then be used for various purposes, including research, development of therapies, and commercial applications. The implications of gene patent are vast and complex, affecting not only the scientific community but also ethical considerations and public policy. One of the primary arguments in favor of gene patent is that it encourages innovation by providing financial incentives for researchers and companies to invest in genetic research. By securing patents on genes, inventors can potentially recoup their investments through licensing agreements or product sales. This could lead to the development of new medical treatments and diagnostic tools that can improve health outcomes for patients. For instance, if a company discovers a gene linked to a specific disease, they may patent it and develop a targeted therapy, thereby benefiting both the company and the patients who need treatment.However, the practice of gene patent is not without controversy. Critics argue that patenting genes can hinder scientific progress and limit access to essential medical information. Since genes are fundamental components of life, some believe that they should not be owned by any individual or corporation. This raises ethical questions about the commodification of biological materials and the potential for monopolies in the healthcare industry. If a single company holds the patent for a particular gene, they could control who has access to it and at what cost, potentially making vital treatments unaffordable for many.Moreover, the implications of gene patent extend beyond individual cases to broader societal issues. For example, the patenting of genes associated with hereditary diseases can have significant consequences for families affected by these conditions. If a family member wishes to undergo genetic testing to determine their risk for a hereditary disease, they may face barriers if the relevant genes are patented. This could lead to a situation where only those who can afford the testing or treatment can benefit from advancements in genetic science.In recent years, there have been legal battles over gene patent, leading to landmark decisions that have shaped the landscape of genetic research. In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that naturally occurring genes cannot be patented, a decision that was seen as a victory for advocates of open access to genetic information. This ruling emphasized the notion that while synthetic or modified genes might be eligible for patent protection, the fundamental building blocks of life should remain available for all to study and utilize.In conclusion, the debate surrounding gene patent is multifaceted, encompassing issues of innovation, ethics, and accessibility. As we continue to advance in the field of genetics, it is crucial to find a balance between protecting intellectual property and ensuring that scientific knowledge remains accessible to all. Policymakers, scientists, and ethicists must work together to create a framework that fosters innovation while safeguarding public interest. Only then can we harness the full potential of genetic research to improve health outcomes and advance our understanding of life itself.

“基因专利”这一概念指的是对特定DNA序列的法律保护，这些序列被认定具有独特的属性或功能。这一法律框架允许公司或个人对特定基因声称所有权，进而用于各种目的，包括研究、治疗开发和商业应用。“基因专利”的影响深远且复杂，不仅影响科学界，还涉及伦理考虑和公共政策。支持“基因专利”的主要论点之一是，它通过为研究人员和公司提供财务激励来鼓励创新。通过对基因进行专利保护，发明者可以通过许可协议或产品销售来收回投资。这可能导致新医疗疗法和诊断工具的开发，从而改善患者的健康结果。例如，如果一家公司发现与特定疾病相关的基因，他们可能会对此基因申请专利并开发针对性治疗，从而使公司和需要治疗的患者都受益。然而，“基因专利”的做法并非没有争议。批评者认为，专利基因可能会阻碍科学进步，并限制获取重要医学信息的机会。由于基因是生命的基本组成部分，一些人认为它们不应该被任何个人或公司拥有。这引发了关于生物材料商品化的伦理问题，以及在医疗行业可能出现的垄断现象。如果某家公司持有特定基因的专利，他们可能会控制谁能获得该基因及其价格，从而可能使重要治疗对许多人来说变得负担不起。此外，“基因专利”的影响超出了个别案例，涉及更广泛的社会问题。例如，针对遗传疾病的基因专利可能对受这些疾病影响的家庭产生重大影响。如果一个家庭成员希望进行基因检测以确定他们对遗传疾病的风险，但相关基因已被专利保护，他们可能会面临障碍。这可能导致只有那些能够承担检测或治疗费用的人才能从基因科学的进步中受益。近年来，围绕“基因专利”的法律斗争导致了一些具有里程碑意义的裁决，塑造了基因研究的格局。2013年，美国最高法院裁定，自然存在的基因不能被专利，这一裁决被视为开放获取基因信息倡导者的胜利。该裁决强调，尽管合成或改造的基因可能符合专利保护的条件，但生命的基本构件应当保持可供所有人研究和利用。总之，围绕“基因专利”的辩论是多方面的，涉及创新、伦理和可及性等问题。随着我们在基因领域的不断进步，找到保护知识产权与确保科学知识对所有人可及之间的平衡至关重要。政策制定者、科学家和伦理学家必须共同努力，创建一个既能促进创新，又能维护公众利益的框架。只有这样，我们才能充分利用基因研究的潜力，以改善健康结果并推进我们对生命本质的理解。