free rider

简明释义

免费搭车

英英释义

例句

1.Many people are concerned that social welfare programs attract free riders who exploit the system.

许多人担心社会福利项目吸引了那些利用系统的搭便车者。

2.In the workplace, a few employees act as free riders, letting their colleagues do all the heavy lifting.

在职场上，一些员工充当搭便车者，让他们的同事做所有的重活。

3.The environmental initiative failed because too many free riders relied on others to do the work.

这个环境倡议失败了，因为太多的搭便车者依赖其他人来完成工作。

4.In a group project, one student was clearly a free rider who contributed nothing but still received the same grade as everyone else.

在一个小组项目中，有一个学生显然是一个搭便车者，他什么都没贡献，却和其他人获得了相同的成绩。

5.The problem of free riders often arises in public goods provision, where some benefit without paying for it.

在公共物品提供中，搭便车者的问题经常出现，他们在不付费的情况下享受了好处。

作文

The concept of a free rider refers to an individual or entity that benefits from resources, goods, or services without paying for them or contributing to their provision. This phenomenon is often discussed in the context of public goods, which are commodities that are available for everyone to use, regardless of whether they have contributed to their creation or maintenance. The classic example of a free rider situation can be seen in public goods such as national defense, clean air, and public parks. These are resources that everyone can enjoy, but not everyone contributes to their upkeep or funding.The issue of free riders poses significant challenges for societies and economies. When individuals or businesses exploit these public goods without contributing, it can lead to underfunding and deterioration of these essential services. For instance, if too many people choose to be free riders regarding public transportation, the system may suffer from lack of investment, leading to reduced services and quality. This creates a cycle where those who do pay for the service become frustrated, and eventually, some may opt out altogether, exacerbating the problem.One of the most notable examples of the free rider problem is climate change. The atmosphere is a global commons; individuals and companies can emit greenhouse gases without facing direct costs. Many may choose to act as free riders, enjoying the benefits of industrialization while ignoring their contribution to environmental degradation. This behavior complicates efforts to combat climate change, as collective action is required to reduce emissions effectively. If everyone assumes that others will bear the burden of reducing emissions, no meaningful progress will be made.Governments and organizations often attempt to mitigate the effects of free riders through various strategies. One common approach is to impose taxes or fees on activities that contribute to public goods. For example, carbon taxes aim to hold polluters accountable for their emissions, encouraging them to reduce their carbon footprints. By making it financially disadvantageous to be a free rider, governments can incentivize contributions to the public good.Another strategy involves promoting community engagement and awareness. When individuals understand the importance of contributing to public goods, they may be less likely to act as free riders. Educational campaigns can highlight the benefits of participation and the consequences of neglecting responsibilities toward shared resources. By fostering a sense of community and shared purpose, societies can reduce the prevalence of free riders.In conclusion, the free rider problem represents a significant challenge in the management of public goods. It highlights the tension between individual interests and collective responsibility. To address this issue, it is essential to implement policies that discourage free riding behaviors and promote active participation in maintaining and enhancing public resources. Only through collective effort can we ensure the sustainability of our shared environment and the public goods that benefit everyone. Understanding the implications of being a free rider is crucial for fostering a cooperative society where all members contribute to the common good.

“搭便车者”这个概念指的是一个人或实体在没有为资源、商品或服务支付费用或贡献的情况下，从中受益。这个现象通常在公共商品的背景下被讨论，公共商品是指任何人都可以使用的商品，无论他们是否为其创造或维护做出贡献。搭便车者现象的经典例子可以在国家防御、清洁空气和公共公园等公共商品中看到。这些资源每个人都可以享用，但并不是每个人都为其维护或资金提供做出贡献。搭便车者问题对社会和经济构成了重大挑战。当个人或企业利用这些公共商品而不做出贡献时，可能导致这些基本服务的资金不足和恶化。例如，如果太多人选择在公共交通上搭便车，那么系统可能会因缺乏投资而受到影响，导致服务和质量下降。这就造成了一个循环，付费服务的人变得沮丧，最终，有些人可能选择退出，从而加剧了问题。搭便车者问题最显著的例子之一是气候变化。大气层是全球公地；个人和公司可以排放温室气体而不面临直接成本。许多人可能选择充当搭便车者，享受工业化带来的好处，同时忽视自己对环境退化的贡献。这种行为使得应对气候变化的努力变得复杂，因为有效减少排放需要集体行动。如果每个人都假设其他人将承担减少排放的负担，那么就不会取得任何实质性进展。政府和组织通常通过各种策略来尝试减轻搭便车者的影响。一种常见的方法是对贡献公共商品的活动征收税或费用。例如，碳税旨在让污染者对其排放负责，鼓励他们减少碳足迹。通过使搭便车者的财务负担加重，政府可以激励对公共商品的贡献。另一种策略是促进社区参与和意识。当个人理解为公共商品做出贡献的重要性时，他们可能不太可能充当搭便车者。教育活动可以强调参与的好处以及忽视对共享资源的责任的后果。通过培养社区意识和共同目标，社会可以减少搭便车者的普遍存在。总之，搭便车者问题代表了公共商品管理中的重大挑战。它突显了个人利益与集体责任之间的紧张关系。为了解决这个问题，实施政策以劝阻搭便车行为并促进积极参与维护和增强公共资源至关重要。只有通过集体努力，我们才能确保我们共享环境和惠及所有人的公共商品的可持续性。理解作为搭便车者的含义对于培养一个所有成员都为公共利益做出贡献的合作社会至关重要。