cost-push inflation

简明释义

成本推进式通货膨胀

英英释义

例句

1.The construction industry is experiencing cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀 as material prices soar.

由于材料价格飙升，建筑行业正经历成本推动型通货膨胀。

2.Manufacturers are struggling with cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀 due to rising raw material costs.

由于原材料成本上升，制造商正面临成本推动型通货膨胀的困扰。

3.The recent increase in oil prices has led to significant cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀 in the economy.

最近油价的上涨导致经济中出现了显著的成本推动型通货膨胀。

4.The government is concerned that cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀 could lead to a decrease in consumer spending.

政府担心成本推动型通货膨胀可能导致消费者支出减少。

5.Economists predict that cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀 will continue if wages rise significantly.

经济学家预测，如果工资显著上升，成本推动型通货膨胀将会持续。

作文

In the realm of economics, inflation is a term that signifies a general increase in prices and a fall in the purchasing value of money. One of the significant types of inflation is known as cost-push inflation, which occurs when the overall production costs rise, leading to a decrease in the supply of goods. This type of inflation can be attributed to various factors, including increased costs of raw materials, wages, and overheads. When businesses face higher costs, they often pass these expenses onto consumers in the form of higher prices, thus triggering cost-push inflation.

To understand cost-push inflation better, it is essential to look at its causes. A common cause is the rise in the prices of essential commodities, such as oil or gas. For instance, if the price of crude oil increases significantly due to geopolitical tensions or natural disasters, it can lead to higher transportation costs for goods. Consequently, businesses may raise their prices to maintain profit margins, resulting in cost-push inflation. Furthermore, labor strikes or increased minimum wage laws can also contribute to this phenomenon. When workers demand higher wages, employers may respond by increasing the prices of their products, leading to an inflationary cycle.

The implications of cost-push inflation are profound. It can lead to decreased consumer spending as individuals find themselves paying more for basic necessities. This situation can create a vicious cycle where reduced consumer demand leads to lower production levels and potential layoffs. Consequently, the economy may enter a recessionary phase, characterized by high unemployment and stagnant growth. Policymakers often face challenges in combating cost-push inflation because traditional monetary policy tools, such as raising interest rates, may not effectively address the underlying issues causing the cost increases.

Moreover, cost-push inflation can also have a cascading effect on various sectors of the economy. For example, if the construction industry experiences rising material costs, it may delay projects, leading to a slowdown in economic growth. Similarly, the agricultural sector may face challenges if the prices of fertilizers and seeds increase, ultimately affecting food prices and availability. As a result, consumers may experience a decline in their standard of living as their purchasing power diminishes.

In conclusion, cost-push inflation is a critical concept in economics that highlights the relationship between production costs and consumer prices. Understanding its causes and consequences is vital for policymakers and businesses alike. By addressing the root causes of rising costs, such as improving supply chain efficiency or investing in alternative energy sources, it is possible to mitigate the effects of cost-push inflation and stabilize the economy. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach that considers both the supply side and demand side of the economy will be essential in managing inflation effectively.

在经济学领域，通货膨胀是一个表示价格普遍上涨和货币购买力下降的术语。其中一种重要的通货膨胀类型被称为成本推动型通货膨胀，它发生在整体生产成本上升时，导致商品供应减少。这种类型的通货膨胀可以归因于多种因素，包括原材料、工资和间接费用的增加。当企业面临更高的成本时，它们通常会将这些费用转嫁给消费者，从而以更高的价格触发成本推动型通货膨胀。

要更好地理解成本推动型通货膨胀，必须关注其原因。一个常见的原因是基本商品价格的上涨，例如石油或天然气。例如，如果由于地缘政治紧张局势或自然灾害，原油价格显著上涨，这可能导致商品运输成本上升。因此，企业可能会提高价格以维持利润率，从而导致成本推动型通货膨胀。此外，劳工罢工或最低工资法的提高也可能助长这一现象。当工人要求更高的工资时，雇主可能会通过提高产品价格来回应，从而导致通货膨胀循环。

而成本推动型通货膨胀的影响是深远的。它可能导致消费者支出减少，因为个人发现自己为基本生活必需品支付更多。这种情况可能会造成恶性循环，减少的消费者需求导致生产水平降低和潜在裁员。因此，经济可能进入衰退阶段，特征是高失业率和停滞增长。政策制定者在应对成本推动型通货膨胀时往往面临挑战，因为传统的货币政策工具，如提高利率，可能无法有效解决导致成本增加的根本问题。

此外，成本推动型通货膨胀还可能对经济各个部门产生连锁反应。例如，如果建筑行业面临材料成本上涨，可能会延误项目，导致经济增长放缓。同样，如果肥料和种子的价格上涨，农业部门也可能面临挑战，最终影响食品价格和可用性。因此，消费者的生活水平可能会下降，因为他们的购买力减弱。

总之，成本推动型通货膨胀是经济学中的一个关键概念，突出了生产成本与消费者价格之间的关系。理解其原因和后果对政策制定者和企业来说至关重要。通过解决成本上升的根本原因，例如改善供应链效率或投资替代能源，可以减轻成本推动型通货膨胀的影响并稳定经济。最终，考虑到经济的供给侧和需求侧的综合方法将是有效管理通货膨胀的关键。