Live load

简明释义

活荷载

英英释义

例句

1.Engineers must calculate the live load when designing buildings to ensure safety.

工程师在设计建筑时必须计算活载荷以确保安全。

2.During the inspection, the live load on the structure was measured to be within acceptable limits.

在检查过程中，结构上的活载荷被测量在可接受的范围内。

3.The live load includes all movable objects such as furniture and people in a room.

在一个房间内，活载荷包括所有可移动物体，如家具和人。

4.Calculating the live load is crucial for ensuring the stability of the roof.

计算活载荷对于确保屋顶的稳定性至关重要。

5.The bridge was designed to support a maximum live load of 10 tons.

这座桥的设计能够承受最大活载荷为10吨。

作文

In the field of civil engineering, the term live load refers to the temporary loads that a structure experiences during its use. These loads can vary significantly over time and include factors such as people, furniture, vehicles, and even environmental elements like snow or wind. Understanding the concept of live load is crucial for engineers and architects as it directly influences the design and safety of buildings, bridges, and other structures.When designing a building, engineers must consider both the live load and the dead load, which is the weight of the structure itself. The live load is not constant; it fluctuates based on occupancy, usage patterns, and external conditions. For instance, a conference room may have a high live load when filled with people but have a much lower load when empty. Similarly, a parking garage will experience varying live loads depending on the number of cars parked at any given time.To ensure safety, engineers utilize building codes and standards that specify the maximum anticipated live load for different types of structures. These codes take into account the intended use of the building and the potential for variable loads. For example, residential buildings typically have lower live load requirements compared to commercial buildings, which may need to accommodate larger gatherings and heavier equipment.The calculation of live loads involves understanding the expected occupancy and activity levels within a space. Engineers often conduct surveys to determine how many people will use a facility and how they will interact with the space. This data helps in accurately estimating the live load and ensuring that the structure can support it without compromising safety.Moreover, live loads are not limited to human occupancy. They also include movable objects such as furniture, appliances, and equipment. For example, in a gymnasium, the live load would encompass not only the weight of the people using the facility but also the weight of the sports equipment, bleachers, and other movable items. This variability makes it essential for engineers to plan for the worst-case scenarios when calculating live loads.In addition to human and object loads, environmental factors also play a significant role in determining live loads. For instance, snow accumulation on rooftops can add substantial weight, necessitating careful consideration during the design phase. Wind loads can also impact structures, particularly tall buildings and bridges, where the forces exerted by wind can change dramatically based on weather conditions.In conclusion, the concept of live load is fundamental in the design and construction of safe and functional structures. By carefully analyzing the various factors that contribute to live loads, engineers can create buildings and infrastructures that not only meet safety standards but also serve their intended purposes effectively. As our understanding of materials and loads continues to evolve, so too will our approaches to managing live loads, ensuring that our built environment remains safe and resilient for future generations.

在土木工程领域，术语活荷载指的是结构在使用过程中所承受的临时荷载。这些荷载会随着时间而显著变化，包括人、家具、车辆以及雪或风等环境因素。理解活荷载的概念对于工程师和建筑师至关重要，因为它直接影响到建筑、桥梁和其他结构的设计与安全。在设计建筑时，工程师必须同时考虑活荷载和死荷载，后者是指结构本身的重量。活荷载并非恒定不变；它根据占用情况、使用模式和外部条件而波动。例如，当会议室里有很多人时，它的活荷载会很高，而当空置时则会低得多。同样，停车场的活荷载将根据任何给定时刻停放的汽车数量而有所不同。为了确保安全，工程师利用建筑规范和标准来规定不同类型结构的最大预期活荷载。这些规范考虑了建筑的预期用途和可变荷载的潜在性。例如，住宅建筑通常具有较低的活荷载要求，而商业建筑可能需要容纳更多的人群和更重的设备。活荷载的计算涉及到对空间内预期占用和活动水平的理解。工程师通常会进行调查，以确定有多少人将使用某一设施，以及他们如何与空间互动。这些数据有助于准确估算活荷载，确保结构能够支撑这些荷载而不影响安全。此外，活荷载不仅限于人类占用。它们还包括可移动物体，如家具、电器和设备。例如，在体育馆中，活荷载不仅包括使用设施的人的重量，还包括运动器材、看台和其他可移动物品的重量。这种可变性使得工程师在计算活荷载时必须为最坏情况做好准备。除了人和物体荷载外，环境因素在确定活荷载方面也起着重要作用。例如，屋顶上的积雪可能会增加大量重量，因此在设计阶段需要仔细考虑。风荷载也会影响结构，尤其是高层建筑和桥梁，风施加的力量可能会根据天气条件发生剧烈变化。总之，活荷载的概念在安全和功能性的结构设计与建造中是基础性的。通过仔细分析影响活荷载的各种因素，工程师可以创造出不仅符合安全标准，而且有效服务于其预期目的的建筑和基础设施。随着我们对材料和荷载理解的不断发展，我们管理活荷载的方法也将不断演变，确保我们的建筑环境在未来几代人中保持安全和韧性。