vapor pressure

简明释义

水汽压;蒸发压力

英英释义

例句

1.The vapor pressure of a substance can be measured using a manometer.

一种物质的蒸气压可以通过压力计测量。

2.When cooking at high altitudes, the vapor pressure of water is lower, which affects boiling points.

在高海拔地区烹饪时，水的蒸气压较低，这会影响沸点。

3.The vapor pressure of water increases with temperature, which means that at higher temperatures, more molecules escape into the air.

水的蒸气压随着温度的升高而增加，这意味着在更高的温度下，更多的分子会逃逸到空气中。

4.Understanding vapor pressure is crucial in predicting weather patterns and humidity levels.

理解蒸气压对于预测天气模式和湿度水平至关重要。

5.In a closed container, the vapor pressure of a liquid will eventually reach a point where it stops changing.

在一个封闭的容器中，液体的蒸气压最终会达到一个不再变化的点。

作文

Vapor pressure is a fundamental concept in physical chemistry that describes the tendency of a substance to evaporate. It is defined as the pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance when it is in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase at a given temperature. Understanding vapor pressure (蒸气压) is crucial for various applications, including meteorology, engineering, and environmental science.When a liquid is placed in a closed container, molecules at the surface begin to escape into the air above them. This process is known as evaporation. As more molecules leave the liquid phase, the concentration of vapor in the air increases. Eventually, a point is reached where the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation; this is known as equilibrium. At this stage, the pressure exerted by the vapor is termed the vapor pressure (蒸气压). This pressure is not constant and varies with temperature. For example, consider a container filled with water. At room temperature, the vapor pressure (蒸气压) of water is relatively low, but as the temperature rises, more molecules have sufficient energy to escape into the vapor phase, increasing the vapor pressure (蒸气压). When the temperature reaches the boiling point, the vapor pressure (蒸气压) of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure, leading to the rapid formation of vapor bubbles within the liquid.The concept of vapor pressure (蒸气压) is also essential in understanding how different substances behave under varying conditions. For instance, volatile liquids, such as alcohol or gasoline, have high vapor pressures (蒸气压), meaning they can easily evaporate at lower temperatures. In contrast, substances with low vapor pressures (蒸气压), like water or mercury, require higher temperatures to achieve significant evaporation.In addition to temperature, the nature of the substance itself greatly influences its vapor pressure (蒸气压). Each chemical compound has a unique vapor pressure (蒸气压) characteristic, which can be represented graphically. A typical graph plots vapor pressure (蒸气压) against temperature, showing that as temperature increases, the vapor pressure (蒸气压) also rises exponentially. This relationship is described by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates the change in vapor pressure (蒸气压) with temperature changes.Understanding vapor pressure (蒸气压) is not only important in laboratory settings but also has real-world implications. For example, in weather forecasting, meteorologists rely on vapor pressure (蒸气压) data to predict humidity levels and potential precipitation. High vapor pressures (蒸气压) indicate moist air, which can lead to rain or storms. Similarly, in the field of environmental science, knowing the vapor pressure (蒸气压) of pollutants helps assess their volatility and potential impact on air quality.In conclusion, the concept of vapor pressure (蒸气压) is integral to our understanding of phase transitions and the behavior of substances in different states. It plays a vital role in various scientific fields and everyday applications. By grasping the principles behind vapor pressure (蒸气压), we can better appreciate the dynamics of our environment and the materials we interact with daily.

蒸气压是物理化学中的一个基本概念，描述了物质蒸发的倾向。它被定义为在给定温度下，当物质与其液相或固相处于平衡状态时，蒸气所施加的压力。理解蒸气压（vapor pressure）对气象学、工程学和环境科学等各种应用至关重要。当液体放置在封闭容器中时，表面的分子开始逃逸到它们上方的空气中。这个过程称为蒸发。随着更多的分子离开液相，空气中蒸气的浓度增加。最终，会达到一个点，在这个点上，蒸发的速率等于凝结的速率；这称为平衡。在此阶段，蒸气施加的压力被称为蒸气压（vapor pressure）。这种压力不是恒定的，而是随温度变化而变化。例如，考虑一个装满水的容器。在室温下，水的蒸气压（vapor pressure）相对较低，但随着温度的升高，更多的分子具有足够的能量逃逸到蒸气相，从而增加蒸气压（vapor pressure）。当温度达到沸点时，液体的蒸气压（vapor pressure）等于大气压力，导致液体内部迅速形成蒸气泡。蒸气压（vapor pressure）的概念对于理解不同物质在不同条件下的行为也至关重要。例如，挥发性液体，如酒精或汽油，具有高蒸气压（vapor pressure），这意味着它们可以在较低温度下轻易蒸发。相比之下，低蒸气压（vapor pressure）的物质，如水或汞，需要更高的温度才能实现显著的蒸发。除了温度，物质的性质也极大地影响其蒸气压（vapor pressure）。每种化合物都有其独特的蒸气压（vapor pressure）特征，可以用图形表示。典型的图表将蒸气压（vapor pressure）与温度绘制在一起，显示随着温度的升高，蒸气压（vapor pressure）也呈指数上升。这一关系由克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程描述，该方程将蒸气压（vapor pressure）的变化与温度变化联系起来。理解蒸气压（vapor pressure）不仅在实验室环境中重要，而且具有现实世界的影响。例如，在天气预报中，气象学家依赖于蒸气压（vapor pressure）数据来预测湿度水平和潜在降水。高蒸气压（vapor pressure）表明潮湿的空气，这可能导致降雨或风暴。同样，在环境科学领域，了解污染物的蒸气压（vapor pressure）有助于评估其挥发性及对空气质量的潜在影响。总之，蒸气压（vapor pressure）概念对于我们理解相变和物质在不同状态下的行为至关重要。它在各种科学领域和日常应用中发挥着重要作用。通过掌握蒸气压（vapor pressure）背后的原理，我们可以更好地欣赏我们环境的动态以及我们日常接触的材料。