temper brittleness

简明释义

回火脆性

英英释义

例句

1.The engineer conducted tests to assess how different alloys could temper brittleness in high-stress environments.

工程师进行了测试，以评估不同合金如何在高应力环境中改善脆性。

2.To improve the performance of the steel, they used heat treatment to temper brittleness and enhance its toughness.

为了提高钢材的性能，他们采用热处理来改善脆性并增强其韧性。

3.The metallurgist explained that certain processes can effectively temper brittleness in cast iron.

冶金学家解释说，某些工艺可以有效地改善铸铁的脆性。

4.In manufacturing, it's crucial to understand how to temper brittleness in order to produce durable products.

在制造业中，了解如何改善脆性以生产耐用产品是至关重要的。

5.Using the right alloying elements can significantly temper brittleness in metal components.

使用正确的合金元素可以显著改善金属部件的脆性。

作文

In the field of materials science and engineering, understanding the properties of metals is crucial for ensuring their performance in various applications. One important concept that engineers must consider is temper brittleness. This term refers to a phenomenon where certain metals become brittle at specific temperatures after being subjected to heat treatment processes. The implications of temper brittleness can significantly affect the safety and reliability of structures and components made from these materials.When metals are heated and then cooled, they undergo changes in their microstructure. These changes can enhance certain mechanical properties, such as strength and ductility. However, if the metal is not properly tempered, it may develop temper brittleness, which can lead to catastrophic failures. For instance, a steel alloy that has been improperly tempered might exhibit good strength at room temperature but could fracture unexpectedly under stress when exposed to higher temperatures.The causes of temper brittleness are often linked to the presence of specific alloying elements, such as phosphorus or sulfur, which can segregate at grain boundaries during the tempering process. When this occurs, the material's ability to deform under stress is compromised, making it more susceptible to cracking. This is particularly concerning in industries like aerospace and automotive, where structural integrity is paramount.To mitigate the risks associated with temper brittleness, engineers must carefully control the heat treatment processes of metals. This includes selecting appropriate temperatures and durations for both heating and cooling phases. Additionally, metallurgical testing can help identify potential brittleness before the material is put into service. Techniques such as Charpy impact tests can provide insights into a material's toughness and its susceptibility to temper brittleness.Moreover, understanding the operating environment of the metal is essential. For example, if a component is expected to operate at elevated temperatures, engineers need to ensure that the material chosen has been adequately tempered to avoid temper brittleness. This consideration is vital in preventing failures that could result in significant financial losses or even loss of life.In conclusion, temper brittleness is a critical factor in the design and application of metallic materials. By recognizing the conditions that lead to this phenomenon and implementing proper heat treatment protocols, engineers can enhance the performance and safety of their products. As technology advances, ongoing research into the behavior of materials will continue to improve our understanding and management of temper brittleness, ultimately leading to safer and more reliable engineering solutions.

在材料科学和工程领域，理解金属的性质对于确保它们在各种应用中的性能至关重要。工程师必须考虑的一个重要概念是韧性脆性。这个术语指的是某些金属在经过热处理过程后，在特定温度下变得脆弱的现象。韧性脆性的影响可能会显著影响由这些材料制成的结构和组件的安全性和可靠性。当金属被加热然后冷却时，它们的微观结构发生变化。这些变化可以增强某些机械性能，如强度和延展性。然而，如果金属没有得到适当的回火，它可能会发展出韧性脆性，这可能导致灾难性的故障。例如，一种经过不当回火的钢合金在室温下可能表现出良好的强度，但在受到应力并暴露于较高温度下时可能会意外断裂。导致韧性脆性的原因通常与特定合金元素的存在有关，如磷或硫，这些元素在回火过程中可能会在晶界处聚集。当这种情况发生时，材料在应力下变形的能力受到损害，使其更容易发生开裂。这在航空航天和汽车等行业尤为令人关注，因为结构完整性至关重要。为了减轻与韧性脆性相关的风险，工程师必须仔细控制金属的热处理过程。这包括选择适当的加热和冷却阶段的温度和持续时间。此外，冶金测试可以帮助识别潜在的脆性，以便在材料投入使用之前进行评估。诸如夏比冲击试验等技术可以提供有关材料韧性及其对韧性脆性的敏感性的见解。此外，理解金属的工作环境也是至关重要的。例如，如果某个组件预计将在高温下运行，工程师需要确保所选材料已得到充分的回火以避免韧性脆性。这一考虑在防止可能导致重大经济损失甚至生命损失的故障中至关重要。总之，韧性脆性是金属材料设计和应用中的一个关键因素。通过认识到导致这种现象的条件并实施适当的热处理协议，工程师可以提高其产品的性能和安全性。随着技术的进步，对材料行为的持续研究将继续改善我们对韧性脆性的理解和管理，最终导致更安全、更可靠的工程解决方案。