spent fuel

简明释义

废燃料

英英释义

例句

1.Scientists are researching ways to recycle spent fuel to reduce waste.

科学家们正在研究回收乏燃料以减少废物的方法。

2.The nuclear power plant is responsible for the safe storage of spent fuel.

核电站负责安全储存乏燃料。

3.The management of spent fuel is a critical aspect of nuclear safety.

对乏燃料的管理是核安全的关键方面。

4.After several years of operation, the reactor will need to be refueled and the spent fuel will be removed.

经过几年的运行，反应堆需要重新加燃料，乏燃料将被移除。

5.Regulations dictate how spent fuel is handled and disposed of after its use.

法规规定了如何处理和处置使用后的乏燃料。

作文

The term spent fuel refers to nuclear fuel that has been used in a reactor and is no longer efficient for sustaining a nuclear reaction. When nuclear reactors generate energy, they do so by splitting atoms of fissile material, such as uranium or plutonium. This process releases a significant amount of energy, which is harnessed to produce electricity. However, after a certain period of time, the fuel becomes less effective at producing energy due to the depletion of fissile material and the accumulation of byproducts from the fission process. At this point, the fuel is classified as spent fuel (乏燃料). Handling spent fuel is a critical aspect of nuclear energy management. After removal from the reactor, spent fuel is initially stored in pools of water, which cools the fuel and shields radiation. These pools are designed to contain the intense heat generated by the decay of radioactive isotopes present in the spent fuel. The water also serves as a barrier against radiation, protecting workers and the environment. Over time, as the spent fuel cools down, it can be transferred to dry cask storage systems. These systems consist of thick, reinforced containers that provide further shielding and cooling. While spent fuel remains highly radioactive, its radioactivity decreases over time, allowing for safer long-term storage solutions. The management of spent fuel raises significant challenges. One of the primary concerns is the long-term storage and disposal of radioactive waste. Currently, there is no permanent solution for the disposal of high-level nuclear waste, including spent fuel. Many countries are exploring options such as deep geological repositories, where spent fuel can be isolated from the environment for thousands of years, allowing its radioactivity to diminish. Another challenge is the potential for reprocessing spent fuel. Reprocessing involves separating usable materials, such as plutonium and uranium, from the waste products. This process can reduce the volume of nuclear waste and recover valuable resources, but it is complex and costly. Additionally, reprocessing raises concerns about proliferation, as the separated materials can potentially be used to create nuclear weapons. Public perception of spent fuel management is often influenced by safety concerns and environmental considerations. Incidents related to nuclear accidents, such as the Fukushima disaster, have heightened awareness and skepticism regarding the handling of spent fuel. As a result, transparent communication and effective regulatory frameworks are essential to build public trust in nuclear energy and its waste management practices. In conclusion, spent fuel is a byproduct of nuclear energy generation that requires careful handling and management. The challenges associated with spent fuel include safe storage, potential reprocessing, and public perception. As the world continues to seek sustainable energy solutions, addressing the issues surrounding spent fuel will be crucial for the future of nuclear power. Effective strategies must be developed to ensure that spent fuel is managed safely and responsibly, minimizing risks to human health and the environment.

术语spent fuel指的是在反应堆中使用过的核燃料，已不再有效维持核反应。当核反应堆产生能量时，它是通过裂变铀或钚等裂变材料的原子来实现的。这一过程释放出大量能量，这些能量被用来生产电力。然而，在一段时间后，由于裂变材料的耗尽和裂变过程中副产物的积累，燃料变得不再有效，因此被归类为spent fuel（乏燃料）。处理spent fuel是核能管理的重要方面。从反应堆中取出后，spent fuel最初储存在水池中，水池冷却燃料并屏蔽辐射。这些水池旨在容纳spent fuel衰变产生的强烈热量。水还作为辐射的屏障，保护工人和环境。随着时间的推移，spent fuel逐渐冷却，可以转移到干式贮存系统。这些系统由厚重、加固的容器组成，提供进一步的屏蔽和冷却。虽然spent fuel仍然高度放射性，但其放射性会随着时间的推移而降低，从而允许更安全的长期储存解决方案。对spent fuel的管理带来了重大挑战。主要关注之一是放射性废物的长期储存和处置。目前，对于包括spent fuel在内的高放射性核废物没有永久性处置解决方案。许多国家正在探索深地质处置库等选项，在那里可以将spent fuel与环境隔离数千年，使其放射性减弱。另一个挑战是对spent fuel进行再处理。再处理涉及将可用材料（如钚和铀）与废物分离。这一过程可以减少核废物的体积并回收有价值的资源，但它复杂且成本高。此外，再处理引发了扩散的担忧，因为分离的材料可能被用于制造核武器。公众对spent fuel管理的看法往往受到安全问题和环境考虑的影响。与核事故相关的事件，例如福岛灾难，加剧了对spent fuel处理的关注和怀疑。因此，透明的沟通和有效的监管框架对于建立公众对核能及其废物管理实践的信任至关重要。总之，spent fuel是核能发电的副产品，需要仔细处理和管理。与spent fuel相关的挑战包括安全储存、潜在再处理和公众看法。随着世界继续寻求可持续的能源解决方案，解决与spent fuel相关的问题对于核电的未来至关重要。必须制定有效的策略，以确保spent fuel的安全和负责任管理，最大限度地降低对人类健康和环境的风险。