alleles

简明释义

英[əˈliːlɪz]美[əˈliːlz]

n. [遗]等位基因；对偶基因（allele 的复数）；对立形质

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.So the character of flower color in oilseed rape was controlled by some alleles, not by multiple alleles.

因此，油菜花色性状是由不同的等位基因控制的，而不是由复等位基因控制。

2.The thinner entorhinal cortex in individuals with the 4 alleles might contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

具有等位基因4的个体，其较薄的内嗅皮层会增加阿耳茨海默（氏）病的风险。

3.The polymorphism study of HLA-A, b, DRB1 alleles in children 'patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病患者HLA - A,B,DRB1等位基因多态性研究。

4.The dendrogram was constructed from the agarose gel data, while the information of alleles was from PAGE gel.

有关等位基因的相关信息从PAGE胶上获得，聚类图构建的数据则来源于琼脂糖凝胶电泳。

5.When the two alleles are not identical, they are heterozygous.

杂合性：在一个基因位点上具有两个不同的等位基因。

6.Good signals had been obtained, no matter the alleles showed homozygotes or heterozygotes on STR genotyping.

STR分型表现为杂合子或纯合子的等位基因用此方法测序都得到了清晰的信号。

7.Only an animal with two mutant alleles will be an albino.

只有一两个基因突变的动物将是一个患白化病。

8.The results displayed that:There are more than 7 alleles for each microsatellite locus.

结果表明，每个微卫星座位发现7个以上等位基因，且均存在多态；

9.Some alleles (等位基因) are dominant, while others are recessive, affecting how traits are expressed.

一些alleles（等位基因）是显性的，而其他则是隐性的，这影响性状的表现方式。

10.In humans, the gene for eye color has two different alleles (等位基因): one for brown eyes and one for blue eyes.

在人类中，眼睛颜色的基因有两种不同的alleles（等位基因）：一种是棕色眼睛，一种是蓝色眼睛。

11.A person inherits one allele (等位基因) from each parent, which contributes to their genetic makeup.

一个人从每个父母那里继承一个allele（等位基因），这对他们的遗传构成有所贡献。

12.Scientists study alleles (等位基因) to understand genetic diseases and how they are inherited.

科学家研究alleles（等位基因）以了解遗传疾病及其如何遗传。

13.The presence of different alleles (等位基因) can lead to variations in traits among individuals in a population.

不同的alleles（等位基因）的存在可能导致一个种群中个体之间性状的差异。

作文

In the study of genetics, understanding the concept of alleles (等位基因) is crucial for grasping how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Alleles are different versions of a gene that exist at the same locus on homologous chromosomes. Each individual inherits two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. These alleles can be either dominant or recessive, which determines how traits are expressed in an organism.To illustrate this concept, let’s consider the example of flower color in pea plants, a classic study subject in genetics thanks to Gregor Mendel. In his experiments, Mendel discovered that the gene for flower color had two alleles: one for purple flowers and one for white flowers. The purple flower allele is dominant, while the white flower allele is recessive. This means that if a plant has at least one purple allele, it will display purple flowers. Only when a plant inherits two white alleles will it produce white flowers.The combination of alleles that an individual possesses is known as its genotype. For instance, a plant with two purple alleles (PP) or one purple and one white allele (Pp) will show purple flowers, while a plant with two white alleles (pp) will show white flowers. The observable characteristics resulting from these genotypes are referred to as the phenotype. Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is essential in genetics, as it helps predict how traits will be passed on to future generations.Moreover, alleles can exhibit various interactions beyond simple dominance and recessiveness. In some cases, multiple alleles can exist for a single gene, leading to a phenomenon known as codominance or incomplete dominance. For example, in certain breeds of cattle, a red allele and a white allele can combine to produce offspring with a roan coat, where both colors are expressed. This illustrates the complexity of genetic inheritance and the role of alleles in determining the diversity of traits within a population.The study of alleles also plays a significant role in fields such as medicine and agriculture. Understanding how different alleles contribute to disease susceptibility or resistance can lead to advancements in personalized medicine. Similarly, in agriculture, selecting for specific alleles can improve crop yields or enhance desirable traits in livestock. Genetic research continues to uncover the intricate ways in which alleles interact and influence both health and productivity.In conclusion, alleles (等位基因) are fundamental to the field of genetics, serving as the building blocks of heredity. They determine how traits are expressed and provide insight into the biological diversity we observe in nature. By studying alleles, scientists can better understand the mechanisms of inheritance, paving the way for innovations in health and agriculture. As our knowledge of genetics expands, so too does our ability to harness the power of alleles for the benefit of society.

在遗传学研究中，理解alleles（等位基因）这一概念对于掌握特征如何从一代传递到下一代至关重要。Alleles 是位于同源染色体上同一位置的基因的不同版本。每个个体为每个基因继承两个alleles，一个来自每个父母。这些alleles可以是显性或隐性，这决定了特征在生物体中的表现。为了说明这一概念，让我们考虑豌豆植物花色的例子，这是遗传学中的经典研究对象，得益于格雷戈尔·孟德尔的研究。在他的实验中，孟德尔发现花色基因有两个alleles：一个是紫色花朵，一个是白色花朵。紫色花allele是显性的，而白色花allele是隐性的。这意味着如果一株植物至少有一个紫色allele，它就会显示出紫色花朵。只有当一株植物继承两个白色alleles时，它才会产生白色花朵。个体所拥有的alleles组合称为其基因型。例如，一株具有两个紫色alleles（PP）或一个紫色和一个白色allele（Pp）的植物将显示紫色花朵，而一株具有两个白色alleles（pp）的植物将显示白色花朵。由这些基因型产生的可观察特征称为表型。理解基因型与表型之间的关系对遗传学至关重要，因为这有助于预测特征如何传递给未来几代。此外，alleles 可能会表现出超越简单显性和隐性的各种相互作用。在某些情况下，单个基因可能存在多个alleles，导致一种现象称为共显性或不完全显性。例如，在某些品种的牛中，红色allele和白色allele结合可以产生后代，其外套呈现罗安色，其中两种颜色都被表达。这说明了遗传继承的复杂性以及alleles 在决定种群内特征多样性方面的作用。Alleles 的研究在医学和农业等领域也发挥着重要作用。了解不同alleles 如何影响疾病易感性或抵抗力，可以推动个性化医学的发展。同样，在农业中，选择特定的alleles 可以提高作物产量或增强家畜的理想特征。遗传研究不断揭示alleles 之间复杂的相互作用及其对健康和生产力的影响。总之，alleles（等位基因）是遗传学领域的基础，作为遗传的构建模块。它们决定了特征的表现，并提供了我们观察到的自然生物多样性的见解。通过研究alleles，科学家们可以更好地理解遗传机制，为健康和农业的创新铺平道路。随着我们对遗传学知识的扩展，我们也能够利用alleles 的力量来造福社会。