inflation

简明释义

英[ɪnˈfleɪʃn]美[ɪnˈfleɪʃn]

n. 通货膨胀，通胀率；充气，膨胀，增大；（宇宙论某些理论）暴涨；夸张，自命不凡

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.It has exported inflation at times.

它有时将通货膨胀引入他国。

2.Inflation will be down to three percent.

通货膨胀将下降到3%。

3.Inflation is a constant threat.

通货膨胀是一种持续的威胁。

4.Inflation is down to single figures.

通货膨胀率降到一位数了。

5.Inflation is in double figures.

通货膨胀率达两位数。

6.Inflation was running at 26%.

通货膨胀达到了26%。

7.Many people are struggling to afford basic necessities due to rising inflation.

由于通货膨胀上升，许多人在购买基本生活必需品时感到困难。

8.Economists predict that inflation will stabilize in the coming months.

经济学家预测通货膨胀将在未来几个月内稳定。

9.High inflation can lead to decreased purchasing power for consumers.

高通货膨胀可能导致消费者购买力下降。

10.The government announced a new policy to control inflation.

政府宣布了一项新政策以控制通货膨胀。

11.The central bank raised interest rates to combat inflation.

中央银行提高利率以对抗通货膨胀。

作文

Inflation is a term that refers to the general increase in prices and the fall in the purchasing power of money. It is an economic phenomenon that affects everyone, from consumers to businesses and governments. Understanding inflation is crucial for making informed financial decisions. In this essay, I will explore the causes of inflation, its effects on the economy, and ways to manage it effectively.The primary cause of inflation is the increase in the supply of money in an economy. When central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, decide to print more money, it can lead to an oversupply in the market. This oversupply often results in higher prices for goods and services, as more money chases the same amount of products. Another significant factor contributing to inflation is demand-pull inflation, which occurs when the demand for goods and services exceeds their supply. For instance, during periods of economic growth, consumers tend to spend more money, which can drive up prices.Cost-push inflation is another type that occurs when the production costs for businesses rise. This could be due to increased wages, higher prices for raw materials, or supply chain disruptions. When companies face higher costs, they often pass these expenses onto consumers in the form of higher prices, leading to inflation.The effects of inflation can be profound. One of the most immediate impacts is on the purchasing power of consumers. As prices rise, the same amount of money buys fewer goods and services. This can lead to a decrease in the standard of living, especially for those on fixed incomes, such as retirees. Additionally, inflation can create uncertainty in the economy, making it difficult for businesses to plan for the future. When prices are volatile, companies may hesitate to invest in new projects or expand operations, which can stifle economic growth.Furthermore, inflation can affect savings and investments. When inflation is high, the real value of savings decreases over time. For example, if you have $1,000 saved in a bank account earning 1% interest, but inflation is at 3%, your purchasing power diminishes. Therefore, people may seek alternative investment strategies to protect their wealth, such as investing in stocks or real estate, which historically tend to outpace inflation.Managing inflation requires careful monetary policy from central banks. They often use tools such as interest rates to control the money supply. By raising interest rates, borrowing becomes more expensive, which can reduce spending and slow down inflation. Conversely, lowering interest rates can stimulate spending and investment, but it may also lead to higher inflation if not managed properly.In conclusion, inflation (通货膨胀) is a complex economic issue that has far-reaching implications for individuals and the economy as a whole. Understanding the causes and effects of inflation (通货膨胀) is essential for making sound financial decisions. While it can be challenging to manage, effective monetary policy can help mitigate its impact and maintain economic stability. As we navigate through different economic cycles, being aware of inflation (通货膨胀) will enable us to adapt and thrive in an ever-changing financial landscape.

通货膨胀是一个术语，指的是价格的普遍上涨和货币购买力的下降。这是一种影响每个人的经济现象，从消费者到企业再到政府。理解通货膨胀对于做出明智的财务决策至关重要。在这篇文章中，我将探讨通货膨胀的原因、对经济的影响以及有效管理的方法。通货膨胀的主要原因是经济中货币供应的增加。当中央银行（如美国的联邦储备委员会）决定印更多的钱时，这可能导致市场上的货币过剩。这种过剩通常会导致商品和服务价格的上涨，因为更多的钱追逐相同数量的产品。另一个导致通货膨胀的重要因素是需求拉动型通货膨胀，当商品和服务的需求超过其供应时就会发生。例如，在经济增长期间，消费者往往会花更多的钱，这可能推高价格。成本推动型通货膨胀是另一种类型，当企业的生产成本上升时就会发生。这可能是由于工资的增加、原材料价格的上涨或供应链的中断。当公司面临更高的成本时，他们通常会将这些费用转嫁给消费者，以更高的价格出售商品，导致通货膨胀。通货膨胀的影响可能是深远的。最直接的影响之一是对消费者购买力的影响。随着价格的上涨，相同数量的钱能买到的商品和服务减少。这可能导致生活水平的下降，尤其是对于固定收入的人群，例如退休人员。此外，通货膨胀还会在经济中造成不确定性，使企业难以进行未来规划。当价格波动时，公司可能会犹豫投资新项目或扩展业务，这可能抑制经济增长。此外，通货膨胀还会影响储蓄和投资。当通货膨胀高时，储蓄的实际价值随着时间的推移而下降。例如，如果你在银行账户中存有1000美元，年利率为1%，但通货膨胀率为3%，你的购买力就会减弱。因此，人们可能会寻求替代投资策略来保护他们的财富，例如投资股票或房地产，这些投资历史上往往能超越通货膨胀。管理通货膨胀需要中央银行谨慎的货币政策。他们通常使用利率等工具来控制货币供应。通过提高利率，借款变得更加昂贵，这可以减少支出并减缓通货膨胀。相反，降低利率可以刺激支出和投资，但如果管理不当，也可能导致更高的通货膨胀。总之，通货膨胀（inflation）是一个复杂的经济问题，对个人和整个经济都有深远的影响。理解通货膨胀的原因和影响对于做出合理的财务决策至关重要。尽管管理起来可能具有挑战性，但有效的货币政策可以帮助减轻其影响，维护经济稳定。在我们经历不同经济周期的过程中，意识到通货膨胀（inflation）将使我们能够适应并在不断变化的金融环境中蓬勃发展。