plastic hysteresis

简明释义

塑性滞后

英英释义

例句

1.The plastic hysteresis in polymers can affect their long-term performance.

塑性滞后在聚合物中的表现可能影响其长期性能。

2.In mechanical testing, plastic hysteresis can reveal insights about energy dissipation.

在机械测试中，塑性滞后可以揭示关于能量耗散的见解。

3.Engineers must account for plastic hysteresis when designing flexible structures.

工程师在设计柔性结构时必须考虑塑性滞后。

4.The study of plastic hysteresis indicates how materials behave under repeated stress.

对塑性滞后的研究表明材料在重复应力下的行为。

5.Understanding plastic hysteresis is crucial for improving material durability.

理解塑性滞后对提高材料耐久性至关重要。

作文

In the field of materials science, the term plastic hysteresis refers to the phenomenon where a material exhibits different stress-strain responses during loading and unloading cycles. This behavior is particularly significant in polymers and metals, where the material does not return to its original shape after being deformed. Understanding plastic hysteresis is crucial for engineers and designers who work with materials that undergo cyclic loading, as it directly affects the durability and performance of structures and components.When a material is subjected to stress, it deforms, and this deformation can be elastic or plastic. Elastic deformation is reversible, meaning that when the stress is removed, the material returns to its original shape. In contrast, plastic deformation is permanent, leading to changes in the material's structure. The concept of plastic hysteresis comes into play when we consider the energy dissipation that occurs during these loading and unloading cycles. During the loading phase, energy is stored in the material, while during unloading, some of this energy is lost as heat due to internal friction and other mechanisms.The area within the stress-strain curve during a complete loading and unloading cycle represents the energy lost due to plastic hysteresis. This energy loss can lead to fatigue in materials over time, which is a critical factor in the design of mechanical systems. For example, in automotive engineering, components such as suspension systems must withstand repeated loading cycles without failing, making an understanding of plastic hysteresis essential for ensuring safety and reliability.Additionally, plastic hysteresis is influenced by several factors, including temperature, strain rate, and the material's microstructure. For instance, at higher temperatures, many materials exhibit increased ductility, which can alter their hysteretic behavior. Engineers must consider these variables when selecting materials for specific applications, as they can significantly impact the performance and longevity of the final product.Research into plastic hysteresis continues to evolve, with scientists investigating new materials and treatments to minimize energy loss and improve performance. Innovations such as composite materials and advanced alloys are being developed to enhance the mechanical properties of materials while reducing the effects of hysteresis. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of plastic hysteresis not only aids in material selection but also contributes to advancements in technology and engineering practices.In conclusion, plastic hysteresis is a fundamental concept in materials science that describes the energy dissipation and permanent deformation of materials under cyclic loading. Its implications are vast, affecting everything from the design of everyday products to the development of cutting-edge technologies. By comprehensively understanding plastic hysteresis, engineers can create more efficient, durable, and reliable materials that meet the demands of modern applications.

在材料科学领域，术语塑性滞后指的是材料在加载和卸载循环中表现出不同的应力-应变响应的现象。这种行为在聚合物和金属中尤为显著，因为材料在变形后并不会恢复到原来的形状。理解塑性滞后对于从事循环加载材料工作的工程师和设计师来说至关重要，因为它直接影响到结构和组件的耐久性和性能。当材料受到应力时，它会变形，而这种变形可以是弹性的或塑性的。弹性变形是可逆的，这意味着当应力被移除时，材料会返回到其原始形状。相反，塑性变形是永久的，导致材料结构的变化。塑性滞后的概念在我们考虑这些加载和卸载循环中的能量耗散时发挥作用。在加载阶段，能量储存在材料中，而在卸载期间，由于内部摩擦和其他机制，这部分能量会以热量的形式损失。在完整的加载和卸载循环中，应力-应变曲线下的面积代表由于塑性滞后而损失的能量。这种能量损失可能导致材料随时间的疲劳，这是机械系统设计中的一个关键因素。例如，在汽车工程中，悬架系统等组件必须承受重复的加载循环而不发生故障，因此理解塑性滞后对确保安全和可靠性至关重要。此外，塑性滞后受到多个因素的影响，包括温度、应变速率和材料的微观结构。例如，在较高温度下，许多材料表现出更高的延展性，这可能改变它们的滞后行为。工程师在选择特定应用的材料时必须考虑这些变量，因为它们可能显著影响最终产品的性能和寿命。对塑性滞后的研究不断发展，科学家们正在研究新材料和处理方法，以最小化能量损失并改善性能。复合材料和先进合金等创新正在开发，以增强材料的机械性能，同时减少滞后效应。理解塑性滞后的基本机制不仅有助于材料选择，还促进了技术和工程实践的进步。总之，塑性滞后是材料科学中的一个基本概念，描述了材料在循环加载下的能量耗散和永久变形。它的影响范围广泛，影响从日常产品的设计到尖端技术的发展。通过全面理解塑性滞后，工程师可以创造出更高效、耐用且可靠的材料，满足现代应用的需求。