planned economy

简明释义

计划经济

英英释义

例句

1.The transition from a planned economy 计划经济 to a market economy can be challenging.

从计划经济转型为市场经济可能会面临挑战。

2.The concept of a planned economy 计划经济 is often associated with socialist and communist systems.

计划经济的概念通常与社会主义和共产主义制度相关联。

3.In a planned economy 计划经济, the government makes all the decisions regarding production and distribution.

在计划经济中，政府负责所有生产和分配的决策。

4.Countries like Cuba operate under a strict planned economy 计划经济 model.

像古巴这样的国家采用严格的计划经济模式。

5.Critics argue that a planned economy 计划经济 can lead to inefficiencies and lack of innovation.

批评者认为，计划经济可能导致低效率和缺乏创新。

作文

A planned economy is an economic system where the government or a central authority makes all decisions regarding the production and distribution of goods and services. This form of economy contrasts sharply with a market economy, where these decisions are driven by the forces of supply and demand. The concept of a planned economy is often associated with socialist and communist systems, where the state plays a significant role in managing economic activities to achieve specific goals. One of the main advantages of a planned economy is that it can lead to equitable distribution of resources. Since the government controls the production and allocation of goods, it can prioritize the needs of the population over profit. For instance, during times of crisis, such as a natural disaster or economic downturn, a planned economy can ensure that essential goods like food, water, and medical supplies are distributed fairly among the citizens. This can help mitigate the effects of poverty and inequality, providing a safety net for the most vulnerable members of society.However, a planned economy also has its drawbacks. One significant issue is the lack of efficiency that often accompanies government control. Without competition, there is less incentive for innovation and improvement in productivity. State-run industries may become complacent, leading to shortages of goods and services. Additionally, bureaucratic inefficiencies can result in delays and mismanagement, which can further exacerbate problems within the economy.Another challenge faced by a planned economy is the difficulty in accurately assessing the needs and wants of the population. Central planners may not have access to the same information and insights as individual consumers and businesses operating in a market economy. As a result, they may make decisions that do not align with the actual preferences of the people, leading to mismatches between supply and demand. This can result in surplus goods in some areas while others face shortages, creating dissatisfaction among the populace.Despite these challenges, some countries have successfully implemented elements of a planned economy. For example, China has adopted a unique hybrid model that incorporates both planned and market elements. While the government still plays a significant role in strategic sectors, private enterprises are allowed to flourish, contributing to economic growth and innovation. This approach has led to significant improvements in living standards and has lifted millions out of poverty.In conclusion, a planned economy presents both opportunities and challenges. While it can promote equity and ensure that basic needs are met, it also risks inefficiency and misalignment with consumer preferences. As countries continue to evolve their economic systems, it is crucial to find a balance between government intervention and market forces to create a sustainable and prosperous future for all. Understanding the complexities of a planned economy can provide valuable insights into the ongoing debates about economic policy and governance around the world.

计划经济是一种经济体系，在这种体系中，政府或中央权威机构对商品和服务的生产和分配做出所有决策。这种经济形式与市场经济形成鲜明对比，后者的决策由供求关系驱动。计划经济的概念通常与社会主义和共产主义体系相关联，在这些体系中，国家在管理经济活动以实现特定目标方面发挥重要作用。计划经济的主要优势之一是它可以导致资源的公平分配。由于政府控制商品的生产和分配，它可以优先考虑人口的需求而不是利润。例如，在危机时期，如自然灾害或经济衰退，计划经济可以确保基本商品如食品、水和医疗用品在公民之间公平分配。这有助于减轻贫困和不平等的影响，为社会中最脆弱的成员提供安全网。然而，计划经济也有其缺点。一个显著的问题是，政府控制下往往缺乏效率。没有竞争，创新和提高生产力的动力就会减少。国有企业可能会变得自满，导致商品和服务短缺。此外，官僚效率低下可能导致延误和管理不善，从而进一步加剧经济中的问题。计划经济面临的另一个挑战是准确评估人口需求和愿望的困难。中央规划者可能没有与市场经济中运营的个别消费者和企业相同的信息和见解。因此，他们可能会做出与人们实际偏好不一致的决策，导致供需之间的不匹配。这可能导致某些地区的商品过剩，而其他地区则面临短缺，从而在民众中造成不满。尽管面临这些挑战，一些国家成功实施了计划经济的元素。例如，中国采用了一种独特的混合模式，结合了计划和市场元素。虽然政府在战略部门仍然发挥重要作用，但允许私营企业蓬勃发展，为经济增长和创新做出贡献。这种方法大大改善了生活水平，使数百万人民摆脱了贫困。总之，计划经济既带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。虽然它可以促进公平并确保基本需求得到满足，但它也存在低效和与消费者偏好不一致的风险。随着各国继续发展其经济体系，寻找政府干预与市场力量之间的平衡，以为所有人创造可持续和繁荣的未来至关重要。理解计划经济的复杂性可以为全球关于经济政策和治理的持续辩论提供有价值的见解。