pressurized water reactor

简明释义

压水堆

英英释义

例句

1.Safety systems in a pressurized water reactor are designed to handle potential accidents effectively.

压水反应堆中的安全系统旨在有效处理潜在事故。

2.Many countries rely on pressurized water reactors for their nuclear energy production.

许多国家依赖于压水反应堆进行核能生产。

3.The efficiency of a pressurized water reactor can be affected by the temperature of the coolant.

压水反应堆的效率可能受到冷却剂温度的影响。

4.In a pressurized water reactor, the coolant is kept under pressure to prevent it from boiling.

压水反应堆中，冷却剂保持在压力下，以防止其沸腾。

5.The most common type of nuclear power plant is the pressurized water reactor, which uses water under high pressure to transfer heat.

最常见的核电站类型是压水反应堆，它使用高压水来传递热量。

作文

The world today is increasingly reliant on sustainable energy sources, and among the various technologies available, the pressurized water reactor (PWR) stands out as one of the most widely used designs in nuclear power generation. Understanding how a pressurized water reactor operates is crucial for appreciating its role in our energy landscape. A pressurized water reactor uses water as both a coolant and a neutron moderator, which helps sustain the nuclear fission reaction. In this type of reactor, water is kept under high pressure, preventing it from boiling even at high temperatures, which allows for efficient heat transfer to produce steam.The basic principle behind a pressurized water reactor involves several key components: the reactor core, where the nuclear fuel is located; the primary loop, which circulates the pressurized water; and the secondary loop, where steam is generated to drive turbines. The reactor core contains fuel rods made of enriched uranium, which undergo fission reactions, releasing a significant amount of heat. This heat is absorbed by the pressurized water circulating through the core.Once heated, the pressurized water is pumped to a heat exchanger, where it transfers its thermal energy to a secondary water loop. This secondary loop is allowed to boil, producing steam that drives the turbines connected to generators, thereby producing electricity. After passing through the turbines, the steam is cooled and condensed back into water, which is then returned to the heat exchanger to continue the cycle.One of the advantages of a pressurized water reactor is its inherent safety features. Because the water remains in a liquid state under high pressure, there is a reduced risk of steam explosions, which can occur in other types of reactors. Additionally, the design of the pressurized water reactor includes multiple safety systems to manage potential emergencies, such as backup cooling systems and containment structures that prevent the release of radioactive materials.However, operating a pressurized water reactor also comes with challenges. The management of nuclear waste is a significant concern, as spent fuel rods remain highly radioactive and require secure storage for thousands of years. Furthermore, the construction and maintenance of pressurized water reactors can be costly and time-consuming, requiring strict regulatory oversight to ensure safety standards are met.In conclusion, the pressurized water reactor plays a vital role in the global energy mix, providing a substantial amount of electricity while contributing to efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As we move towards a more sustainable future, understanding the technology behind pressurized water reactors will be essential for addressing the challenges and opportunities in nuclear energy. With ongoing advancements in reactor design and safety, pressurized water reactors will likely continue to be a cornerstone of nuclear power generation for years to come.

当今世界越来越依赖可持续能源，而在各种可用技术中，压水反应堆（PWR）作为核能发电中最广泛使用的设计之一脱颖而出。理解压水反应堆的工作原理，对于欣赏其在我们能源格局中的作用至关重要。压水反应堆使用水作为冷却剂和中子慢化剂，这有助于维持核裂变反应。在这种类型的反应堆中，水在高压下保持，防止其在高温下沸腾，从而实现有效的热量转移以产生蒸汽。压水反应堆的基本原理涉及几个关键组件：反应堆核心，其中包含核燃料；主回路，循环加压水；以及次回路，在其中生成蒸汽以驱动涡轮机。反应堆核心包含由浓缩铀制成的燃料棒，铀在此处发生裂变反应，释放出大量热量。这些热量被循环通过核心的加压水吸收。一旦加热，加压水被泵送到换热器，在那里将其热能转移到第二个水回路。这个二次回路允许水沸腾，产生驱动连接到发电机的涡轮机的蒸汽。经过涡轮机后，蒸汽被冷却并凝结回水，然后返回换热器以继续循环。压水反应堆的一个优点是其固有的安全特性。由于水在高压下保持液态，因此降低了蒸汽爆炸的风险，而这在其他类型的反应堆中可能会发生。此外，压水反应堆的设计包括多种安全系统来管理潜在的紧急情况，例如备用冷却系统和防护结构，以防止放射性材料的释放。然而，运行压水反应堆也面临挑战。核废料的管理是一个重大问题，因为使用过的燃料棒仍然高度放射性，需要在数千年内进行安全储存。此外，压水反应堆的建设和维护成本高昂且耗时，要求严格的监管监督以确保安全标准的符合。总之，压水反应堆在全球能源组合中发挥着至关重要的作用，为电力提供了大量，同时为减少温室气体排放的努力做出了贡献。随着我们朝着更可持续的未来迈进，理解压水反应堆背后的技术对于应对核能中的挑战和机遇至关重要。随着反应堆设计和安全性的不断进步，压水反应堆可能会继续成为核能发电的基石。