notch brittle

简明释义

缺口脆裂

英英释义

例句

1.The plastic showed signs of being notch brittle after prolonged exposure to sunlight.

这种塑料在长时间暴露于阳光下后显示出有缺口脆性的迹象。

2.The research indicated that the alloy had a tendency to be notch brittle under specific stress conditions.

研究表明，该合金在特定应力条件下有变得缺口脆性的倾向。

3.The engineer warned that the material could become notch brittle if exposed to extreme temperatures.

工程师警告说，材料如果暴露在极端温度下可能会变得缺口脆性。

4.In cold climates, some materials can easily become notch brittle, leading to structural failures.

在寒冷气候中，一些材料很容易变得缺口脆性，导致结构失效。

5.To ensure safety, we must test for notch brittle characteristics in the metal used for construction.

为了确保安全，我们必须测试用于建筑的金属是否具有缺口脆性特性。

作文

In the field of materials science, the term notch brittle is often used to describe a specific type of fracture behavior exhibited by certain materials when subjected to stress. Materials that are classified as notch brittle tend to fail catastrophically when there is a pre-existing flaw or notch in their structure. This phenomenon is particularly concerning in engineering applications where structural integrity is paramount. Understanding the concept of notch brittle behavior can help engineers design safer and more reliable structures.To illustrate this point, consider the example of a steel beam that is used in construction. If this beam has a small notch due to improper machining or an accidental impact, it may not exhibit any immediate signs of weakness. However, when the beam is subjected to heavy loads, the stress concentration at the notch can lead to sudden and unexpected failure. This type of failure is characteristic of notch brittle materials, where the presence of a flaw significantly reduces the material's ability to withstand tensile stress.The underlying reason for notch brittle behavior lies in the microstructural properties of the material. Many metals and alloys can undergo a transition from ductile to brittle behavior depending on factors such as temperature and strain rate. In a ductile material, the presence of a notch may allow for some plastic deformation before failure occurs, giving engineers a warning sign. Conversely, in a notch brittle material, the notch acts as a stress riser, leading to an immediate crack propagation without significant deformation.This understanding is crucial in the selection of materials for various applications. For instance, in environments where materials are exposed to low temperatures, engineers must be cautious about using materials that could become notch brittle. The risk of catastrophic failure increases significantly in such conditions, making it essential to choose materials that retain their ductility and toughness even in harsh environments.Moreover, the impact of notch brittle behavior extends beyond just the materials themselves; it also influences the design and maintenance of structures. Engineers must take into account the possibility of notches or flaws occurring during the lifecycle of a structure. Regular inspections and maintenance routines become critical to identify potential weaknesses before they can lead to failure.In conclusion, the concept of notch brittle is vital for understanding how certain materials behave under stress, especially in the presence of flaws. By recognizing the implications of notch brittle behavior, engineers can make informed decisions regarding material selection, design, and maintenance practices. This knowledge ultimately contributes to the safety and reliability of structures that we depend on in our daily lives.

在材料科学领域，术语notch brittle通常用于描述某些材料在受到应力时表现出的特定断裂行为。被归类为notch brittle的材料在其结构中存在预先存在的缺陷或缺口时，往往会发生灾难性的失败。这种现象在工程应用中尤其令人担忧，因为结构完整性至关重要。理解notch brittle行为的概念可以帮助工程师设计出更安全、更可靠的结构。为了说明这一点，考虑一个用于建筑的钢梁的例子。如果这个梁由于加工不当或意外冲击而有一个小缺口，它可能不会表现出任何明显的弱点。然而，当梁承受重载时，缺口处的应力集中可能会导致突然和意外的失败。这种类型的失败是notch brittle材料的特征，其中缺口显著降低了材料承受拉应力的能力。造成notch brittle行为的根本原因在于材料的微观结构特性。许多金属和合金的行为可能会根据温度和应变速率的变化而从韧性转变为脆性。在韧性材料中，缺口的存在可能允许一些塑性变形在破坏发生之前，从而给工程师一个警告信号。相反，在notch brittle材料中，缺口充当应力集中点，导致裂纹传播而没有显著的变形。这种理解对各种应用中材料的选择至关重要。例如，在材料暴露于低温的环境中，工程师必须谨慎使用可能变得notch brittle的材料。在这种情况下，灾难性失败的风险显著增加，因此选择即使在恶劣环境中仍能保持韧性和韧性的材料至关重要。此外，notch brittle行为的影响不仅限于材料本身；它还影响结构的设计和维护。工程师必须考虑在结构生命周期内可能出现缺口或缺陷的可能性。定期检查和维护程序对于在潜在弱点导致失败之前识别它们变得至关重要。总之，notch brittle的概念对于理解某些材料在应力下的行为至关重要，特别是在存在缺陷的情况下。通过认识到notch brittle行为的含义，工程师可以在材料选择、设计和维护实践中做出明智的决策。这一知识最终有助于我们日常生活中所依赖的结构的安全性和可靠性。