limit of proportionality

简明释义

比例极限

英英释义

例句

1.In the tensile test, we measured the force applied until we reached the limit of proportionality of the sample.

在拉伸测试中，我们测量了施加的力，直到达到样本的比例极限。

2.The engineer explained that beyond the limit of proportionality, the material would not behave linearly under stress.

工程师解释说，超出比例极限后，材料在应力下不会线性表现。

3.In physics, the limit of proportionality refers to the maximum extent to which a material can be stretched while still returning to its original shape.

在物理学中，比例极限是指材料可以被拉伸而仍然能恢复其原始形状的最大程度。

4.Understanding the limit of proportionality is crucial for designing safe structures that can withstand various loads.

理解比例极限对于设计能够承受各种载荷的安全结构至关重要。

5.When testing the elasticity of rubber bands, it's important to identify the limit of proportionality to avoid permanent deformation.

在测试橡皮筋的弹性时，识别比例极限是很重要的，以避免永久变形。

作文

In the field of physics, understanding the behavior of materials under stress is crucial. One key concept that helps us analyze this behavior is the limit of proportionality. This term refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still exhibiting elastic behavior. Beyond this point, the material will no longer return to its original shape when the stress is removed; instead, it will undergo plastic deformation. The limit of proportionality is essential for engineers and designers because it defines the threshold at which materials begin to fail in their intended applications.To illustrate the importance of the limit of proportionality, consider the example of a simple rubber band. When you stretch a rubber band gently, it elongates and returns to its original shape once the force is released. However, if you stretch it too far, beyond its limit of proportionality, the rubber band will not return to its original size, indicating that it has been permanently deformed. This principle applies to a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and composites.The limit of proportionality is typically determined through stress-strain tests, where a sample material is subjected to increasing amounts of stress until it reaches its breaking point. The relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation relative to the original length) is linear up to the limit of proportionality. This linear relationship is described by Hooke's Law, which states that the stress applied to a material is directly proportional to the strain produced, as long as the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.Understanding the limit of proportionality is vital in various engineering fields, including civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering. For instance, when designing bridges, engineers must ensure that the materials used can support the expected loads without exceeding their limit of proportionality. If a bridge is constructed using materials that are not strong enough, it could lead to catastrophic failure, resulting in loss of life and property.Moreover, the limit of proportionality plays a significant role in safety regulations and standards. Manufacturers must test their products to ensure they can withstand the stresses they will encounter during use. For example, automotive engineers must consider the limit of proportionality of materials used in vehicle frames to prevent structural failures during accidents.In conclusion, the limit of proportionality is a fundamental concept in material science and engineering, representing the maximum stress a material can endure while maintaining its elastic properties. It serves as a critical guideline for designers and engineers to ensure safety and functionality in their creations. By understanding and applying the principles associated with the limit of proportionality, we can create safer, more reliable structures and products that meet the demands of modern society.

在物理学领域，理解材料在应力下的行为至关重要。一个帮助我们分析这种行为的关键概念是比例极限。这个术语指的是材料在仍然表现出弹性行为时可以承受的最大应力。在这一点之后，材料将不再在去除应力时恢复到其原始形状；相反，它将经历塑性变形。比例极限对工程师和设计师至关重要，因为它定义了材料在其预期应用中开始失效的阈值。为了说明比例极限的重要性，考虑一个简单的橡皮筋的例子。当你轻轻拉伸橡皮筋时，它会延长，并在释放力后返回到其原始形状。然而，如果你拉得太远，超过了它的比例极限，橡皮筋将不会恢复到原来的大小，表明它已经发生了永久变形。这个原理适用于各种材料，包括金属、塑料和复合材料。比例极限通常通过应力-应变测试来确定，其中样本材料在施加越来越多的应力直到达到其断裂点。应力（单位面积上的力）与应变（相对于原始长度的变形）之间的关系在比例极限之前是线性的。这个线性关系由胡克定律描述，该定律指出，在不超过比例极限的情况下，施加于材料上的应力与产生的应变成正比。理解比例极限在土木、机械和航空航天等各个工程领域至关重要。例如，在设计桥梁时，工程师必须确保所用材料能够支持预期的负荷而不超过其比例极限。如果使用的材料强度不足，可能导致灾难性的失败，造成生命和财产的损失。此外，比例极限在安全法规和标准中也发挥着重要作用。制造商必须测试其产品，以确保它们能够承受在使用过程中遇到的应力。例如，汽车工程师必须考虑车辆框架所用材料的比例极限，以防止在事故中发生结构故障。总之，比例极限是材料科学和工程中的一个基本概念，代表材料在保持其弹性特性的同时可以承受的最大应力。它为设计师和工程师提供了确保其创作的安全性和功能性的关键指导。通过理解和应用与比例极限相关的原则，我们可以创造出更安全、更可靠的结构和产品，以满足现代社会的需求。