hole conduction

简明释义

空穴导电

英英释义

例句

1.When discussing electrical conductivity, one must consider both electron and hole conduction mechanisms.

在讨论电导率时，必须考虑电子和孔导电机制。

2.In semiconductor physics, hole conduction refers to the movement of positively charged holes through a material.

在半导体物理中，孔导电指的是正电荷孔在材料中的运动。

3.The efficiency of a p-type semiconductor is largely determined by its hole conduction properties.

p型半导体的效率在很大程度上取决于其孔导电特性。

4.The research focused on improving hole conduction in perovskite solar cells.

研究集中在提高钙钛矿太阳能电池中的孔导电。

5.In organic materials, hole conduction can be enhanced by doping with specific elements.

在有机材料中，通过掺杂特定元素可以增强孔导电。

作文

In the realm of semiconductor physics, the concept of hole conduction plays a crucial role in understanding how materials conduct electricity. Semiconductors, such as silicon and germanium, have unique properties that allow them to conduct electricity under certain conditions. One of the key mechanisms behind this conductivity is the movement of charge carriers, which can be either electrons or holes. While electrons carry a negative charge, holes can be thought of as the absence of an electron in the valence band, effectively acting as positive charge carriers. This leads us to the phenomenon known as hole conduction (孔导电). When a semiconductor is doped with specific impurities, it creates an excess of holes in the material. For instance, when a p-type semiconductor is formed by doping silicon with elements like boron, it introduces holes that facilitate electrical conduction. In this scenario, the holes move through the lattice structure of the semiconductor, allowing electrical current to flow. The process of hole conduction is essential for the functioning of various electronic devices, including diodes and transistors.Understanding hole conduction requires a grasp of energy bands within semiconductors. The valence band is filled with electrons, while the conduction band is typically empty at absolute zero temperature. As temperature increases or when energy is supplied, electrons can jump from the valence band to the conduction band, leaving behind holes. These holes can then migrate through the crystal lattice, contributing to electrical conductivity. Thus, the movement of holes is integral to the overall conduction process in p-type materials.Moreover, hole conduction is not just limited to p-type semiconductors. In certain conditions, intrinsic semiconductors can also exhibit hole conduction, particularly at elevated temperatures where thermal energy allows for electron excitation. Understanding these dynamics is essential for engineers and scientists working on semiconductor technology, as they influence device performance and efficiency.The significance of hole conduction extends beyond theoretical discussions; it has practical implications in the design of electronic components. For example, in solar cells, the generation of electron-hole pairs due to light absorption leads to increased conductivity. The effective management of these charge carriers, including both electrons and holes, is vital for optimizing the performance of photovoltaic devices.In conclusion, hole conduction is a fundamental concept in semiconductor physics that describes the movement of holes as positive charge carriers within a material. Its importance cannot be overstated, as it underpins the operation of many modern electronic devices. By understanding the principles of hole conduction and its relationship with other phenomena in semiconductors, researchers can continue to innovate and enhance the technology that drives our digital world.

在半导体物理领域，孔导电的概念在理解材料如何导电方面起着至关重要的作用。半导体，如硅和锗，具有独特的属性，使其在特定条件下能够导电。电导的一个关键机制是电荷载流子的运动，这些载流子可以是电子或孔。虽然电子携带负电荷，但孔可以被视为价带中缺少电子的现象，实际上充当正电荷载流子。这导致了被称为孔导电（hole conduction）的现象。当半导体掺入特定杂质时，它会在材料中产生过量的孔。例如，当通过掺入硼等元素形成p型半导体时，它引入了有助于电导的孔。在这种情况下，孔通过半导体的晶格结构移动，从而允许电流流动。孔导电的过程对于各种电子设备的功能至关重要，包括二极管和晶体管。理解孔导电需要掌握半导体中的能带结构。价带充满了电子，而导带在绝对零度时通常是空的。随着温度升高或能量供应，电子可以从价带跃迁到导带，留下孔。这些孔随后可以通过晶体格迁移，为电导贡献。因此，孔的运动是p型材料中整体导电过程的重要组成部分。此外，孔导电并不仅限于p型半导体。在某些条件下，内禀半导体在高温下也可以表现出孔导电，特别是在热能允许电子激发的情况下。理解这些动态对于从事半导体技术工作的工程师和科学家至关重要，因为它们影响设备的性能和效率。孔导电的重要性超越了理论讨论；它在电子元件设计中具有实际意义。例如，在太阳能电池中，由于光吸收而产生的电子-孔对会导致导电性增加。有效管理这些电荷载流子，包括电子和孔，对于优化光伏设备的性能至关重要。总之，孔导电是半导体物理中的一个基本概念，描述了孔作为正电荷载流子在材料中的运动。其重要性不容小觑，因为它支撑着许多现代电子设备的运行。通过理解孔导电的原理及其与半导体中其他现象的关系，研究人员可以继续创新和提升推动我们数字世界的技术。