external interrupt

简明释义

外部中断

英英释义

例句

1.The operating system handles an external interrupt by saving the state of the current process.

操作系统通过保存当前进程的状态来处理外部中断。

2.A network card generates an external interrupt when it receives a packet.

当网络卡接收到数据包时，会生成一个外部中断。

3.In robotics, an external interrupt can be used to stop a motor when an obstacle is detected.

在机器人技术中，当检测到障碍物时，可以使用外部中断来停止电机。

4.When the system receives an external interrupt, it temporarily halts the current process to handle the new event.

当系统接收到一个外部中断时，它会暂时停止当前进程以处理新事件。

5.The microcontroller can respond to an external interrupt from a button press to trigger an action.

微控制器可以响应来自按钮按下的外部中断以触发某个动作。

作文

In the world of computing, the term external interrupt refers to a signal sent to the processor from an external device, indicating that it requires attention. This concept is fundamental in understanding how computers interact with peripheral devices and manage multiple tasks simultaneously. The ability of a system to respond to external interrupts allows it to maintain efficiency and responsiveness, which are crucial for user experience. For instance, consider a scenario where you are typing a document on your computer. Suddenly, you receive a notification from an external application, such as a messaging app. This notification represents an external interrupt, prompting the operating system to momentarily pause the current task and give priority to the incoming message. This capability ensures that users do not miss important communications while engaged in other activities.The mechanism behind external interrupts involves a series of steps that the operating system follows. When an external device, like a keyboard or mouse, sends a signal to the CPU, the processor recognizes this as an interrupt request. The CPU then saves its current state, including the information about the ongoing process, and transfers control to the interrupt handler, a special routine designed to manage these requests. Once the handling is complete, the CPU restores its previous state and resumes the interrupted task. This seamless transition is vital for maintaining the flow of operations in a multitasking environment.Moreover, external interrupts can come from various sources, such as hardware devices (like printers, disk drives, or network cards) or software events (like timers or user inputs). Each type of interrupt may have a different priority level, allowing the operating system to determine which tasks should be addressed first. For example, a keyboard interrupt might take precedence over a printer interrupt because user input is often more urgent.Understanding external interrupts also sheds light on the importance of real-time systems, where timely processing of interrupts is critical. In applications such as embedded systems used in automotive or medical devices, the failure to respond promptly to an external interrupt could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Therefore, engineers design these systems with careful consideration of how interrupts are handled to ensure reliability and safety.In conclusion, the concept of external interrupt is integral to the functioning of modern computing systems. It enables devices to communicate effectively and ensures that users can multitask without significant delays. As technology continues to evolve, the methods for managing external interrupts will also advance, further enhancing the efficiency and responsiveness of computer systems. Understanding this concept not only helps in grasping how computers operate but also prepares one for deeper explorations into computer architecture and operating systems. The ability to handle external interrupts efficiently is a hallmark of a well-designed system, reflecting the intricate balance between hardware and software in the digital age.

在计算机世界中，术语外部中断指的是从外部设备发送到处理器的信号，表示它需要关注。这个概念对于理解计算机如何与外部设备交互以及如何同时管理多个任务是基础。系统响应外部中断的能力使其能够保持高效和响应性，这对于用户体验至关重要。例如，考虑一个场景，你正在计算机上输入文档。突然，你收到一个来自外部应用程序的通知，比如消息应用。这条通知代表了一个外部中断，促使操作系统暂时暂停当前任务，并优先处理传入的信息。这种能力确保用户在进行其他活动时不会错过重要的通讯。外部中断背后的机制涉及操作系统遵循的一系列步骤。当外部设备（如键盘或鼠标）向CPU发送信号时，处理器将其识别为中断请求。然后，CPU保存其当前状态，包括有关正在进行的进程的信息，并将控制权转移到中断处理程序，这是一个专门设计用于管理这些请求的例程。一旦处理完成，CPU恢复其先前的状态，并继续被中断的任务。这种无缝过渡对于在多任务环境中维持操作流至关重要。此外，外部中断可以来自各种来源，例如硬件设备（如打印机、磁盘驱动器或网络卡）或软件事件（如定时器或用户输入）。每种类型的中断可能具有不同的优先级，允许操作系统确定哪些任务应优先处理。例如，键盘中断可能优先于打印机中断，因为用户输入通常更为紧急。理解外部中断也揭示了实时系统的重要性，其中及时处理中断至关重要。在汽车或医疗设备等嵌入式系统的应用中，如果未能及时响应外部中断，可能会导致灾难性后果。因此，工程师在设计这些系统时仔细考虑如何处理中断，以确保可靠性和安全性。总之，外部中断的概念是现代计算系统运作的核心。它使设备能够有效沟通，并确保用户能够在不显著延迟的情况下进行多任务处理。随着技术的不断发展，管理外部中断的方法也将不断进步，进一步提升计算机系统的效率和响应性。理解这一概念不仅有助于掌握计算机的运作，还为深入探索计算机体系结构和操作系统做好准备。有效处理外部中断的能力是一个设计良好的系统的标志，反映了数字时代硬件和软件之间的复杂平衡。