embrittlement characteristic

简明释义

脆化特性

英英释义

例句

1.Research indicated that the embrittlement characteristic could lead to catastrophic failures in pipelines.

研究表明，脆化特性可能导致管道的灾难性故障。

2.The embrittlement characteristic of the metal was tested using various environmental conditions.

该金属的脆化特性在各种环境条件下进行了测试。

3.The study focused on the embrittlement characteristic of the alloy under high temperatures.

该研究集中在合金在高温下的脆化特性。

4.Understanding the embrittlement characteristic is crucial for ensuring the safety of nuclear reactors.

理解脆化特性对于确保核反应堆的安全至关重要。

5.Engineers must consider the embrittlement characteristic when selecting materials for construction.

工程师在选择建筑材料时必须考虑脆化特性。

作文

The study of materials science often involves understanding the various properties that affect the performance and durability of different substances. One critical aspect that researchers focus on is the embrittlement characteristic, which refers to the tendency of a material to become brittle or less ductile when subjected to certain environmental conditions or mechanical stresses. This phenomenon can significantly impact the integrity of structures and components, especially in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction.To elaborate, the embrittlement characteristic is influenced by several factors, including temperature, exposure to corrosive environments, and the presence of impurities within the material. For instance, metals like steel can exhibit embrittlement characteristics when exposed to hydrogen, leading to what is known as hydrogen embrittlement. This condition can reduce the material's ability to deform without breaking, posing serious risks in structural applications where flexibility and strength are paramount.In addition to hydrogen, other agents such as sulfur and phosphorus can also contribute to the embrittlement characteristic of steel. The presence of these elements can alter the microstructure of the metal, making it more susceptible to cracking under stress. As a result, engineers must carefully select materials and processes to minimize these risks when designing components that will be exposed to harsh environments.Moreover, temperature plays a crucial role in the embrittlement characteristic of materials. For example, many metals become more brittle at lower temperatures, a phenomenon known as low-temperature embrittlement. This is particularly relevant in industries that operate in cold climates or in applications involving cryogenic temperatures. Understanding how temperature affects the embrittlement characteristic allows engineers to make informed decisions about material selection and component design, ensuring safety and reliability.Another important consideration is the aging of materials, which can also lead to changes in their embrittlement characteristics. Over time, some materials may undergo phase transformations or other microstructural changes that increase their brittleness. This is particularly critical in long-term infrastructure projects, where the longevity and durability of materials are essential for maintaining safety standards.In conclusion, the embrittlement characteristic is a vital property that engineers and material scientists must consider when developing and selecting materials for various applications. By understanding the factors that influence this characteristic, including environmental conditions, mechanical stresses, and material composition, professionals can mitigate risks associated with brittle failure. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of the embrittlement characteristic contributes to the advancement of safer and more reliable technologies across multiple industries.

材料科学的研究通常涉及理解影响不同物质性能和耐久性的各种属性。其中一个关键方面是研究人员关注的脆化特性，它指的是材料在某些环境条件或机械应力作用下变得脆弱或韧性降低的倾向。这种现象可能会显著影响结构和组件的完整性，特别是在航空航天、汽车和建筑等行业。进一步说，脆化特性受到多种因素的影响，包括温度、腐蚀环境的暴露以及材料中杂质的存在。例如，钢铁在氢气的影响下可能表现出脆化特性，导致所谓的氢脆。这种情况会降低材料在断裂前变形的能力，从而在需要灵活性和强度的结构应用中带来严重风险。除了氢以外，硫和磷等其他因素也可能导致钢铁的脆化特性。这些元素的存在可以改变金属的微观结构，使其在应力下更容易发生裂纹。因此，工程师在设计将暴露于恶劣环境中的组件时，必须仔细选择材料和工艺，以最小化这些风险。此外，温度在材料的脆化特性中也起着至关重要的作用。例如，许多金属在低温下变得更加脆弱，这种现象被称为低温脆化。这在寒冷气候下运行的行业或涉及低温应用的场合尤其相关。了解温度如何影响脆化特性使工程师能够就材料选择和组件设计做出明智的决策，从而确保安全和可靠性。另一个重要考虑因素是材料的老化，这也可能导致其脆化特性的变化。随着时间的推移，一些材料可能会经历相变或其他微观结构变化，从而增加其脆性。这在长期基础设施项目中尤为关键，在这些项目中，材料的耐久性和持久性对维护安全标准至关重要。总之，脆化特性是工程师和材料科学家在开发和选择各种应用材料时必须考虑的重要属性。通过理解影响这一特性的因素，包括环境条件、机械应力和材料成分，专业人士可以减轻与脆性失效相关的风险。最终，对脆化特性的全面理解有助于推动多个行业中更安全、更可靠技术的发展。