electron volt

简明释义

电子伏特

英英释义

例句

1.The energy of a single photon in the visible spectrum is approximately 2 to 3 electron volts.

可见光谱中单个光子的能量大约为2到3电子伏特。

2.The binding energy of electrons in atoms is often measured in electron volts.

原子中电子的结合能通常以电子伏特为单位测量。

3.In particle physics, the mass of particles is often expressed in electron volts.

在粒子物理学中，粒子的质量通常用电子伏特表示。

4.Semiconductors operate effectively at energies around 1 electron volt.

半导体在大约1电子伏特的能量下有效运行。

5.The threshold energy for electron emission from a metal surface is typically a few electron volts.

金属表面电子发射的阈值能量通常为几个电子伏特。

作文

The concept of the electron volt is fundamental in the field of physics, particularly in the study of atomic and subatomic particles. An electron volt (eV) is defined as the amount of kinetic energy gained or lost by an electron when it is accelerated through an electric potential difference of one volt. This unit of energy is widely used in various branches of physics, including particle physics, nuclear physics, and solid-state physics. Understanding the electron volt is essential for anyone looking to delve deeper into the workings of the universe at a microscopic level.To better understand the significance of the electron volt, it is important to recognize its scale. One electron volt is equivalent to approximately 1.6 x 10^-19 joules, which is a minuscule amount of energy compared to everyday experiences. However, in the realm of atomic and subatomic processes, this small quantity becomes incredibly relevant. For example, the energy levels of electrons in atoms are often measured in electron volts. When an electron transitions between energy levels within an atom, it either absorbs or emits energy in the form of photons, and these energies are typically expressed in eV.In particle physics, the electron volt is crucial for describing the masses of particles. According to Einstein's famous equation, E=mc², mass can be converted into energy and vice versa. Thus, the mass of particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons can be expressed in terms of electron volts. For instance, the mass of an electron is approximately 0.511 MeV/c², where MeV stands for mega-electron volts, indicating that mass and energy are interchangeable concepts in the quantum world.Furthermore, the electron volt plays a significant role in technologies such as semiconductors and lasers. In semiconductors, the energy band gap—the energy required for an electron to jump from the valence band to the conduction band—is typically in the range of a few eV. This property is what allows semiconductors to conduct electricity under certain conditions, forming the basis for modern electronics. Similarly, in laser technology, the energy of emitted photons is often measured in electron volts, which helps in designing lasers with specific wavelengths for various applications.In conclusion, the electron volt is not just a unit of measurement but a bridge connecting various domains of physics and technology. Its importance cannot be overstated, as it provides a common language for scientists to discuss energy changes at the atomic and subatomic levels. Whether one is studying the behavior of particles in a collider or developing new electronic devices, a solid understanding of the electron volt is indispensable. As we continue to explore the mysteries of the universe, the electron volt will remain a key concept that helps us unlock deeper insights into the nature of matter and energy.

“电子伏特”这个概念在物理学领域中是基础的，特别是在原子和亚原子粒子的研究中。“电子伏特”（eV）被定义为当一个电子在一个电势差为一伏特的电场中加速时所获得或失去的动能。这种能量单位在粒子物理学、核物理学和固态物理学等多个物理学分支中广泛使用。理解“电子伏特”对于任何想要深入了解微观世界运作的人来说都是至关重要的。为了更好地理解“电子伏特”的重要性，重要的是要认识到它的尺度。一个“电子伏特”大约等于1.6 x 10^-19焦耳，这在日常生活中是一个微不足道的能量量。然而，在原子和亚原子过程的领域中，这个小量变得极其相关。例如，原子中电子的能级通常用“电子伏特”来测量。当电子在原子内的能级之间跃迁时，它要么吸收能量，要么以光子的形式发射能量，这些能量通常以eV表示。在粒子物理学中，“电子伏特”对于描述粒子的质量至关重要。根据爱因斯坦著名的方程E=mc²，质量可以转化为能量，反之亦然。因此，电子、质子和中子的质量可以用“电子伏特”表示。例如，电子的质量约为0.511 MeV/c²，其中MeV代表兆电子伏特，这表明质量和能量在量子世界中是可互换的概念。此外，“电子伏特”在半导体和激光等技术中也发挥着重要作用。在半导体中，能带间隙——即电子从价带跃迁到导带所需的能量——通常在几eV的范围内。这个特性使得半导体在特定条件下能够导电，成为现代电子学的基础。类似地，在激光技术中，发射光子的能量通常以“电子伏特”来测量，这有助于设计具有特定波长的激光以用于各种应用。总之，“电子伏特”不仅仅是一个测量单位，而是连接物理学和技术各个领域的桥梁。它的重要性不容小觑，因为它为科学家提供了一个共同的语言，以讨论原子和亚原子水平上的能量变化。无论是研究粒子在对撞机中的行为，还是开发新的电子设备，扎实理解“电子伏特”都是不可或缺的。随着我们继续探索宇宙的奥秘，“电子伏特”将始终是帮助我们解锁物质和能量本质的关键概念。