demand and supply

简明释义

供求

英英释义

例句

1.The price of the product increased due to a mismatch between demand and supply.

由于供需不匹配，产品价格上涨。

2.The government intervened in the market to stabilize demand and supply.

政府介入市场以稳定供需关系。

3.Understanding demand and supply is crucial for making informed business decisions.

理解供需对于做出明智的商业决策至关重要。

4.Economic theories often revolve around the principles of demand and supply.

经济理论通常围绕供需原则展开。

5.During the holiday season, the demand and supply for gifts often fluctuates significantly.

在假日季节，礼物的供需往往会显著波动。

作文

The concepts of demand and supply are fundamental to understanding how economies function. At its core, demand and supply refers to the relationship between the quantity of a product that consumers are willing to purchase (demand) and the quantity that producers are willing to sell (supply). This interaction determines the market price and the quantity of goods sold. To elaborate, demand represents the desire of consumers to purchase a good or service at various price levels. Typically, as the price of a product decreases, the quantity demanded increases, and vice versa. This inverse relationship is known as the law of demand. For example, if the price of coffee drops, more people may choose to buy it, leading to an increase in the quantity demanded. On the other hand, supply refers to the amount of a good or service that producers are willing to sell at different price points. Generally, higher prices incentivize producers to supply more of a product, reflecting the law of supply. For instance, if the price of smartphones rises, manufacturers may produce more units to capitalize on the higher profit margins. The intersection of demand and supply curves on a graph illustrates the equilibrium price, where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. At this point, the market is considered to be in balance, and there is no surplus or shortage of goods. However, when external factors affect either demand or supply, shifts in these curves can occur. For example, during a pandemic, the demand for medical supplies surged while the supply chain faced disruptions, leading to shortages and increased prices. Understanding demand and supply is crucial for businesses and policymakers alike. For businesses, recognizing shifts in demand and supply can help in making informed decisions about production levels, pricing strategies, and inventory management. For instance, if a company notices a rise in consumer interest for eco-friendly products, it may decide to increase production in response to the growing demand. Policymakers also rely on the principles of demand and supply to create effective economic policies. By understanding how changes in taxation or subsidies can influence demand and supply, they can implement measures that foster economic growth. For instance, lowering taxes on electric vehicles may boost their demand, encouraging more manufacturers to enter the market and increasing overall supply. In conclusion, the interplay of demand and supply shapes the economic landscape. It influences everything from individual purchasing decisions to large-scale production and pricing strategies. By grasping the dynamics of demand and supply, individuals and organizations can better navigate the complexities of the market, ultimately leading to more informed choices and policies. As we continue to witness changes in consumer behavior and market conditions, the importance of understanding demand and supply will only grow, making it an essential concept for anyone interested in economics.

‘供求’的概念对于理解经济如何运作至关重要。简单来说，‘供求’指的是消费者愿意购买的产品数量（需求）与生产者愿意出售的数量（供给）之间的关系。这种互动决定了市场价格和销售商品的数量。具体来说，‘需求’代表消费者在不同价格水平下购买某种商品或服务的意愿。通常情况下，随着产品价格的降低，需求量会增加，反之亦然。这种反向关系被称为需求法则。例如，如果咖啡的价格下降，更多的人可能选择购买，从而导致需求量的增加。另一方面，‘供给’指的是生产者在不同价格点上愿意出售的商品或服务的数量。一般而言，较高的价格会激励生产者供应更多的产品，这反映了供给法则。例如，如果智能手机的价格上涨，制造商可能会生产更多的单位，以利用更高的利润空间。‘供求’曲线在图表上的交点表示均衡价格，在此价格点上，需求量等于供给量。在这一点上，市场被认为处于平衡状态，没有商品的过剩或短缺。然而，当外部因素影响‘需求或供给’时，这些曲线可能会发生变化。例如，在疫情期间，医疗用品的需求激增，而供应链面临中断，导致短缺和价格上涨。理解‘供求’对企业和政策制定者都至关重要。对于企业而言，识别‘供求’的变化可以帮助做出关于生产水平、定价策略和库存管理的明智决策。例如，如果一家公司注意到消费者对环保产品的兴趣上升，它可能决定响应增长的需求而增加生产。政策制定者也依赖于‘供求’原理来制定有效的经济政策。通过理解税收或补贴如何影响‘供求’，他们可以实施促进经济增长的措施。例如，降低电动汽车的税收可能会推动其需求，从而鼓励更多制造商进入市场并增加整体供应。总之，‘供求’的相互作用塑造了经济格局。它影响从个人购买决策到大规模生产和定价策略的方方面面。通过掌握‘供求’的动态，个人和组织可以更好地驾驭市场的复杂性，从而做出更明智的选择和政策。随着我们继续目睹消费者行为和市场条件的变化，理解‘供求’的重要性只会增加，使其成为任何对经济感兴趣的人必须掌握的基本概念。