covalent bond

简明释义

共价键

英英释义

例句

1.Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds with other atoms.

碳原子可以与其他原子形成四个共价键。

2.When two nonmetals react, they typically form covalent bonds.

当两个非金属反应时，它们通常形成共价键。

3.The strength of a covalent bond depends on the types of atoms involved.

一个共价键的强度取决于参与的原子的类型。

4.In a water molecule, each hydrogen atom forms a covalent bond with the oxygen atom.

在水分子中，每个氢原子与氧原子形成了一个共价键。

5.The covalent bonds in organic compounds are crucial for their stability.

有机化合物中的共价键对其稳定性至关重要。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, understanding the fundamental interactions between atoms is crucial for grasping the complexities of matter. One of the most significant types of chemical bonds is the covalent bond, which plays a vital role in the formation of molecules. A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, allowing each atom to attain a more stable electronic configuration. This sharing of electrons can occur between identical atoms, such as in diatomic molecules like O2 and N2, or between different elements, leading to the formation of diverse compounds.The concept of a covalent bond is essential for understanding the structure and behavior of organic compounds. For instance, the backbone of life on Earth, DNA, is composed of long chains of nucleotides that are held together by covalent bonds. These bonds not only provide stability to the DNA structure but also enable the intricate processes of replication and transcription, which are fundamental to all living organisms.Moreover, the strength and characteristics of a covalent bond can vary depending on the specific atoms involved and the number of electron pairs shared. Single, double, and triple covalent bonds represent the sharing of one, two, and three pairs of electrons, respectively. For example, in an ethylene molecule (C2H4), the carbon atoms are connected by a double covalent bond, which contributes to the molecule's reactivity and properties.In addition to their significance in biological systems, covalent bonds are also critical in the field of materials science. Many polymers, which are large molecules made up of repeating units, rely on covalent bonds for their structural integrity and functionality. The ability to manipulate these bonds has led to the development of various synthetic materials, ranging from plastics to advanced composites used in aerospace engineering.Understanding covalent bonds also involves recognizing their limitations. While they are generally strong, certain conditions can lead to the breaking of these bonds. For instance, high temperatures, extreme pH levels, or the presence of specific catalysts can facilitate the cleavage of covalent bonds, resulting in chemical reactions that transform substances into new forms.In conclusion, the covalent bond is a cornerstone of chemistry that underpins the structure and function of countless substances. From the DNA that carries genetic information to the materials we use in everyday life, covalent bonds are integral to our understanding of the natural world. By studying these bonds, we gain insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern chemical reactions and the properties of different materials, ultimately enhancing our ability to innovate and create in various scientific fields.

在化学领域，理解原子之间的基本相互作用对于掌握物质的复杂性至关重要。最重要的化学键之一是共价键，它在分子的形成中发挥着重要作用。共价键是当两个原子共享一对或多对电子时形成的，这使得每个原子能够获得更稳定的电子配置。这种电子共享可以发生在相同的原子之间，例如在双原子分子如O2和N2中，或者在不同元素之间，从而导致各种化合物的形成。共价键的概念对于理解有机化合物的结构和行为至关重要。例如，地球上生命的基础，DNA，由长链核苷酸组成，这些核苷酸通过共价键连接在一起。这些键不仅为DNA结构提供了稳定性，还使得复制和转录等复杂过程成为可能，这些过程是所有生物体的基础。此外，共价键的强度和特性可以根据特定的原子及其共享的电子对数量而有所不同。单、双和三重共价键分别代表共享一对、两对和三对电子。例如，在乙烯分子（C2H4）中，碳原子通过双共价键连接，这有助于分子的反应性和性质。除了在生物系统中的重要性外，共价键在材料科学领域也至关重要。许多聚合物，即由重复单元组成的大分子，依赖于共价键来维持其结构完整性和功能。操控这些键的能力导致了各种合成材料的发展，从塑料到用于航空航天工程的先进复合材料。理解共价键还涉及到认识到它们的局限性。尽管它们通常是强的，但某些条件可能导致这些键的断裂。例如，高温、极端的pH值或特定催化剂的存在可以促进共价键的断裂，导致化学反应将物质转变为新的形式。总之，共价键是化学的基石，支撑着无数物质的结构和功能。从携带遗传信息的DNA到我们日常生活中使用的材料，共价键在我们理解自然世界中不可或缺。通过研究这些键，我们获得了关于控制化学反应和不同材料特性的分子机制的见解，最终增强了我们在各个科学领域进行创新和创造的能力。