dry adiabatic

简明释义

干绝热

英英释义

例句

1.The dry adiabatic 干绝热 lapse rate is approximately 9.8 degrees Celsius per kilometer.

干绝热干绝热 递减率约为每千米9.8摄氏度。

2.Meteorologists often use the concept of dry adiabatic 干绝热 processes to predict weather changes.

气象学家常常使用干绝热 干绝热 过程来预测天气变化。

3.When air rises in the atmosphere, it cools at the rate of the dry adiabatic 干绝热 lapse rate.

当空气在大气中上升时，它以干绝热 干绝热 递减率降温。

4.In a dry adiabatic 干绝热 process, no heat is exchanged with the surrounding environment.

在干绝热 干绝热 过程中，与周围环境没有热量交换。

5.As the air parcel ascends, it expands and cools according to the dry adiabatic 干绝热 principle.

随着气团的上升，它根据干绝热 干绝热 原理膨胀并降温。

作文

In the study of meteorology, understanding the concept of dry adiabatic processes is crucial for grasping how air parcels behave as they rise and fall in the atmosphere. The term dry adiabatic refers to the process by which an air parcel cools or warms without exchanging heat with its surroundings. This phenomenon occurs when the air is unsaturated, meaning that it does not contain enough moisture to reach its dew point. As a result, the temperature of the air parcel changes solely due to pressure variations as it moves through different altitudes.When an air parcel rises, it encounters lower atmospheric pressure, which allows it to expand. As the air expands, it cools at a specific rate known as the dry adiabatic lapse rate. This rate is approximately 9.8 degrees Celsius per kilometer. Conversely, when the air parcel descends, it is compressed by the increasing pressure, leading to a rise in temperature. The ability to predict these temperature changes is essential for understanding weather patterns, cloud formation, and the development of storms.The significance of dry adiabatic processes extends beyond mere temperature changes; they also influence the stability of the atmosphere. If the environmental lapse rate, which describes how temperature changes with altitude in the surrounding atmosphere, is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, the atmosphere is considered unstable. In this scenario, rising air parcels will continue to ascend, potentially leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation. On the other hand, if the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, the atmosphere is stable, and rising air parcels will tend to sink back down, inhibiting cloud formation.Understanding the interplay between dry adiabatic processes and atmospheric stability is vital for meteorologists. It helps them forecast weather events and understand the conditions necessary for severe weather phenomena, such as thunderstorms and tornadoes. For instance, when warm, moist air rises and cools, it may eventually reach its dew point, leading to condensation and cloud formation. However, if the initial rise is governed by dry adiabatic cooling, the air parcel may remain unsaturated for a significant period, delaying the onset of precipitation.Moreover, the concept of dry adiabatic processes is also relevant in fields beyond meteorology. For example, in aviation, pilots must be aware of how air temperature changes with altitude to ensure safe takeoffs and landings. The knowledge of dry adiabatic lapse rates can help in understanding turbulence and optimizing flight paths.In conclusion, the term dry adiabatic encompasses more than just a simple cooling process; it is a fundamental principle that underlies many aspects of atmospheric science. By studying how air parcels interact with their environment in a dry adiabatic manner, scientists can better predict weather patterns, understand climate dynamics, and contribute to advancements in various fields such as aviation and environmental science. Therefore, a thorough understanding of dry adiabatic processes is indispensable for anyone interested in the complexities of our atmosphere and its behavior.

在气象学的研究中，理解干绝热过程的概念对于掌握空气团在大气中上升和下降的行为至关重要。术语干绝热指的是空气团在不与周围环境交换热量的情况下冷却或加热的过程。这种现象发生在空气未饱和时，意味着它没有足够的水分达到露点。因此，空气团的温度变化仅仅是由于其在不同高度移动时压力的变化。当空气团上升时，它遇到较低的大气压力，这使得它可以膨胀。随着空气的膨胀，它以一种特定的速率冷却，这个速率被称为干绝热递减率。这个速率大约是每千米9.8摄氏度。相反，当空气团下沉时，它受到日益增加的压力的压缩，导致温度上升。预测这些温度变化的能力对于理解天气模式、云的形成和风暴的发展是至关重要的。干绝热过程的重要性不仅仅局限于温度变化；它们还影响大气的稳定性。如果环境递减率，即描述周围大气中温度随高度变化的速率，大于干绝热递减率，则大气被认为是不稳定的。在这种情况下，上升的空气团将继续上升，可能导致云和降水的形成。另一方面，如果环境递减率小于干绝热递减率，则大气是稳定的，上升的空气团会倾向于重新下沉，从而抑制云的形成。理解干绝热过程与大气稳定性之间的相互作用对气象学家至关重要。这帮助他们预测天气事件，并理解形成严重天气现象（如雷暴和龙卷风）所需的条件。例如，当温暖潮湿的空气上升并冷却时，它可能最终达到露点，导致凝结和云的形成。然而，如果初始上升是由干绝热冷却主导的，空气团可能在很长一段时间内保持未饱和，从而延迟降水的发生。此外，干绝热过程的概念在气象学之外的领域也同样相关。例如，在航空领域，飞行员必须意识到空气温度随高度变化的情况，以确保安全的起飞和着陆。对干绝热递减率的了解可以帮助理解湍流并优化飞行路径。总之，术语干绝热不仅仅包含一个简单的冷却过程；它是许多大气科学方面的基本原理。通过研究空气团如何以干绝热的方式与环境相互作用，科学家们可以更好地预测天气模式，理解气候动态，并为航空和环境科学等多个领域的进步作出贡献。因此，全面理解干绝热过程对于任何对我们大气及其行为的复杂性感兴趣的人来说都是不可或缺的。