sedimentation coefficient

简明释义

沉降系数

英英释义

例句

1.Calculating the sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数 is essential for understanding sedimentation behavior in fluids.

计算sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数对理解流体中的沉降行为至关重要。

2.A higher sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数 indicates that the particles settle more quickly in a solution.

更高的sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数表明颗粒在溶液中沉降得更快。

3.The sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数 can be affected by the density of the medium used during the experiment.

在实验中使用的介质的密度可以影响sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数。

4.In centrifugation experiments, the sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数 helps differentiate between various biomolecules.

在离心实验中，sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数有助于区分不同的生物分子。

5.The researcher measured the sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数 of the particles to determine their size distribution.

研究人员测量了粒子的sedimentation coefficient 沉降系数以确定它们的大小分布。

作文

The concept of the sedimentation coefficient is fundamental in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology. It refers to a measure of how fast particles, such as proteins or nucleic acids, settle out of a solution under the influence of gravity or centrifugal force. This coefficient is crucial for understanding the behavior of macromolecules in various environments, particularly during processes like centrifugation, where separation of components based on size and density is required. When we talk about the sedimentation coefficient (沉降系数), it is usually expressed in Svedberg units (S), which are named after the Swedish chemist Theodor Svedberg. One Svedberg unit is equivalent to 10^-13 seconds, which reflects the time it takes for a particle to sediment in a centrifugal field. The larger the sedimentation coefficient, the faster the particle will sediment, indicating a larger size or greater mass. Understanding the sedimentation coefficient is essential for scientists who work with biomolecules. For instance, when purifying proteins, researchers often rely on techniques that utilize differences in sedimentation rates to isolate specific proteins from a mixture. By knowing the sedimentation coefficient, they can predict how a protein will behave in a centrifuge and optimize conditions for its separation. In addition to protein purification, the sedimentation coefficient plays a significant role in the study of ribosomes, viruses, and other macromolecular complexes. Different biological entities have distinct sedimentation coefficients, which helps in characterizing their properties and functions. For example, ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis, can be analyzed using their sedimentation coefficients to understand their composition and activity. Moreover, the sedimentation coefficient can also provide insights into the molecular weight and shape of a particle. By combining sedimentation analysis with other techniques, such as size exclusion chromatography or ultracentrifugation, researchers can gain a more comprehensive view of the molecular characteristics of a substance. This information is invaluable for drug development, diagnostics, and understanding disease mechanisms. In conclusion, the sedimentation coefficient (沉降系数) is a vital parameter in the scientific study of macromolecules. Its relevance spans across various fields, including biochemistry, molecular biology, and biotechnology. By mastering the concept of the sedimentation coefficient, researchers can enhance their ability to analyze and manipulate biological systems effectively. As technology advances, the applications of the sedimentation coefficient will likely expand, providing even greater insights into the molecular world around us. Understanding this term is not just an academic exercise; it has practical implications that can lead to breakthroughs in health and medicine.

沉降系数的概念在生物化学和分子生物学领域中是基础性的。它指的是在重力或离心力的影响下，颗粒（如蛋白质或核酸）从溶液中沉降的速度的量度。这个系数对于理解大分子在各种环境中的行为至关重要，尤其是在离心过程中，基于大小和密度分离成分时。当我们谈论沉降系数时，通常用斯维德单位（S）表示，该单位以瑞典化学家西奥多·斯维德堡的名字命名。一个斯维德单位等于10^-13秒，这反映了颗粒在离心场中沉降所需的时间。沉降系数越大，颗粒沉降的速度越快，表明其尺寸或质量更大。理解沉降系数对于从事生物分子研究的科学家至关重要。例如，在纯化蛋白质时，研究人员常常依赖利用沉降速率的差异来从混合物中分离特定蛋白质的技术。通过了解沉降系数，他们可以预测蛋白质在离心机中的行为，并优化分离条件。除了蛋白质纯化，沉降系数在研究核糖体、病毒和其他大分子复合物中也发挥着重要作用。不同的生物实体具有不同的沉降系数，这有助于表征它们的性质和功能。例如，核糖体是蛋白质合成的必需成分，可以通过其沉降系数进行分析，以了解其组成和活性。此外，沉降系数还可以提供有关颗粒的分子量和形状的见解。通过将沉降分析与其他技术（如尺寸排阻色谱或超离心）结合，研究人员可以获得关于物质分子特征的更全面的视图。这些信息对于药物开发、诊断和理解疾病机制至关重要。总之，沉降系数是科学研究大分子的一个重要参数。它的相关性跨越了多个领域，包括生物化学、分子生物学和生物技术。通过掌握沉降系数的概念，研究人员可以增强有效分析和操作生物系统的能力。随着技术的进步，沉降系数的应用可能会扩展，提供对我们周围分子世界的更大洞察。理解这个术语不仅仅是学术练习；它具有实际意义，可能导致健康和医学领域的突破。