base rate

简明释义

基本费率

英英释义

例句

1.When the base rate (基准利率) is high, mortgage payments tend to be higher as well.

当基准利率较高时，抵押贷款支付通常也较高。

2.A lower base rate (基准利率) can lead to increased consumer spending.

较低的基准利率可能会导致消费者支出增加。

3.The bank decided to lower the base rate (基准利率) to encourage more borrowing.

银行决定降低基准利率以鼓励更多借贷。

4.The central bank announced a change in the base rate (基准利率) during the quarterly meeting.

中央银行在季度会议上宣布了基准利率的变化。

5.Many investors watch the base rate (基准利率) closely as it affects their investment decisions.

许多投资者密切关注基准利率，因为它会影响他们的投资决策。

作文

In the realm of statistics and economics, understanding the concept of base rate is crucial for making informed decisions. The term base rate refers to the underlying probability or frequency of an event occurring in a given population. It serves as a foundational benchmark against which other probabilities can be compared. For instance, if we consider the likelihood of developing a certain disease, the base rate would represent the percentage of individuals in a specific demographic who are known to develop that disease without any additional risk factors.One common example of base rate usage is in the context of medical testing. Suppose a particular disease has a base rate of 1% in the general population. If a test for this disease is conducted and returns a positive result, it is essential to consider the base rate when interpreting the results. Many people may mistakenly believe that a positive result means they have the disease, but this is not always the case. The test's accuracy, along with the base rate, must be taken into account to assess the actual probability of having the disease after receiving a positive test result.This phenomenon is often illustrated through Bayes' theorem, which mathematically describes how to update the probability of a hypothesis based on new evidence. In our medical example, even with a positive test result, the actual probability of having the disease can remain relatively low due to the base rate. This highlights the importance of considering the base rate in decision-making processes, especially in fields such as healthcare, finance, and law.Furthermore, the base rate can also be applied in various scenarios beyond medicine. For instance, in the world of finance, investors often look at the base rate of return on investments to determine the expected performance of their portfolios. If the base rate of return for a particular asset class is historically 5%, investors will use this figure as a baseline to evaluate potential gains or losses over time. By comparing actual returns to the base rate, investors can better assess the performance of their investments and make more strategic choices.Another area where understanding the base rate is vital is in hiring practices. Employers often rely on statistical data about job candidates to make informed hiring decisions. For example, if the base rate of success for candidates with a specific degree in a certain field is known to be high, employers may prioritize those candidates during the selection process. However, it is essential to remember that individual candidates may not conform to the base rate, and relying solely on these statistics could lead to overlooking exceptional talent.In conclusion, the concept of base rate plays a significant role in various domains, including healthcare, finance, and human resources. By understanding the base rate, individuals can make more informed decisions by contextualizing information and avoiding common cognitive biases. Whether interpreting medical test results or evaluating investment opportunities, recognizing the importance of the base rate allows for a more nuanced understanding of probabilities and outcomes. Therefore, it is imperative to incorporate the base rate into our analytical frameworks, ensuring that our decisions are grounded in statistical reality rather than misconceptions or oversimplifications.

在统计学和经济学领域，理解“base rate”这一概念对于做出明智的决策至关重要。术语“base rate”指的是在特定人群中某一事件发生的基本概率或频率。它作为一个基础基准，与其他概率进行比较。例如，如果我们考虑某种疾病发展的可能性，“base rate”将代表在特定人口中已知在没有额外风险因素的情况下发展该疾病的个体百分比。“base rate”使用的一个常见例子是在医疗测试的背景下。假设某种疾病在普通人群中的“base rate”为1%。如果对该疾病进行测试并返回阳性结果，则在解释结果时必须考虑“base rate”。许多人可能错误地认为阳性结果意味着他们患有该疾病，但事实并非总是如此。测试的准确性以及“base rate”必须考虑在内，以评估在获得阳性测试结果后实际患病的概率。这种现象通常通过贝叶斯定理进行说明，该定理数学上描述了如何根据新证据更新假设的概率。在我们的医疗示例中，即使有阳性测试结果，由于“base rate”，实际患病的概率仍可能相对较低。这突显了在决策过程中考虑“base rate”的重要性，尤其是在医疗、金融和法律等领域。此外，“base rate”还可以应用于超越医学的各种场景。例如，在金融世界中，投资者通常会查看投资回报的“base rate”以确定其投资组合的预期表现。如果某类资产的“base rate”回报历史上为5%，投资者将使用这个数字作为基准来评估潜在的收益或损失。通过将实际回报与“base rate”进行比较，投资者可以更好地评估投资的表现并做出更具战略性的选择。另一个理解“base rate”至关重要的领域是招聘实践。雇主通常依赖于关于求职者的统计数据来做出明智的招聘决策。例如，如果具有特定学位的候选人在某一领域的成功“base rate”被认为很高，雇主可能会在选择过程中优先考虑这些候选人。然而，必须记住，个别候选人可能不符合“base rate”，仅仅依赖这些统计数据可能导致忽视优秀人才。总之，“base rate”的概念在医疗、金融和人力资源等多个领域发挥着重要作用。通过理解“base rate”，个人可以通过上下文化信息并避免常见的认知偏差，从而做出更明智的决策。无论是解释医疗测试结果还是评估投资机会，认识到“base rate”的重要性都能让我们更细致地理解概率和结果。因此，将“base rate”纳入我们的分析框架至关重要，确保我们的决策是基于统计现实，而不是误解或过于简化的观点。