atomic number

简明释义

原子序数

英英释义

例句

1.In the periodic table, each element is arranged according to its atomic number 原子序数.

在元素周期表中，每个元素都是根据其原子序数排列的.

2.The atomic number 原子序数 determines the chemical properties of an element.

元素的原子序数决定了其化学性质.

3.The element hydrogen has an atomic number 原子序数 of 1.

氢元素的原子序数是1.

4.To find the atomic number 原子序数 of carbon, look for the number 6 in the periodic table.

要找到碳的原子序数，请在元素周期表中查找数字6.

5.Oxygen has an atomic number 原子序数 of 8, indicating it has eight protons.

氧的原子序数是8，这意味着它有八个质子.

作文

The concept of atomic number is fundamental to the field of chemistry and plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of elements. The atomic number of an element is defined as the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element. This unique identifier not only determines the identity of the element but also influences its chemical properties and how it interacts with other elements. For example, hydrogen, which has an atomic number of 1, is the simplest and lightest element, while uranium, with an atomic number of 92, is much heavier and exhibits different chemical behaviors.In the periodic table, elements are organized according to their atomic numbers, starting from hydrogen at the top and moving downwards and across in rows. This arrangement allows scientists and students alike to easily understand the relationships between different elements. Elements with similar properties are grouped together in columns, known as groups or families. For instance, all the noble gases, which include helium, neon, and argon, have similar chemical properties and are located in the same group on the periodic table.Understanding the atomic number is also essential when studying isotopes. Isotopes are variants of the same element that have the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons. This means that while they share the same chemical properties, their physical properties, such as mass and stability, can differ significantly. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are both isotopes of carbon, which has an atomic number of 6. Carbon-12 is stable, while carbon-14 is radioactive and is commonly used in radiocarbon dating.The atomic number also plays a significant role in nuclear chemistry and physics. Elements with higher atomic numbers tend to be less stable and more radioactive, which has important implications for both energy production and medical applications. Understanding how the atomic number affects an element's stability can lead to advancements in fields such as nuclear medicine, where radioactive isotopes are used for diagnosis and treatment.Moreover, the atomic number is integral to the study of electron configurations. The number of electrons surrounding an atom is equal to the atomic number in a neutral atom. These electrons are arranged in various energy levels, and their configurations determine how an element will bond with others. For instance, elements with a full outer shell of electrons are generally inert and do not readily form bonds, while those with nearly full or nearly empty outer shells are more reactive.In conclusion, the atomic number is a vital concept in chemistry that serves as a key to unlocking the mysteries of elements and their interactions. It not only identifies an element but also provides insight into its properties, behavior, and relationships with other elements. By understanding the atomic number, we can better appreciate the complexity and beauty of the natural world around us, from the simplest hydrogen atom to the most complex heavy metals. The study of atomic number is not just an academic exercise; it is fundamental to the advancement of science and technology, influencing everything from energy production to medical therapies.

原子序数的概念是化学领域的基础，对于理解元素的行为至关重要。元素的原子序数定义为该元素原子核中所含质子的数量。这个独特的标识符不仅决定了元素的身份，还影响其化学性质以及与其他元素的相互作用。例如，氢的原子序数为1，是最简单和最轻的元素，而铀的原子序数为92，则重得多，表现出不同的化学行为。在周期表中，元素按照其原子序数进行组织，从氢开始，向下和横向排列。这种排列使科学家和学生能够轻松理解不同元素之间的关系。具有相似性质的元素被分组在一起，称为族或家庭。例如，所有的惰性气体，包括氦、氖和氩，都具有相似的化学性质，并位于周期表的同一组中。理解原子序数在研究同位素时也至关重要。同位素是同一元素的变体，具有相同的原子序数但中子数量不同。这意味着它们共享相同的化学性质，但物理性质（如质量和稳定性）可能显著不同。例如，碳-12和碳-14都是碳的同位素，碳的原子序数为6。碳-12是稳定的，而碳-14是放射性的，常用于放射性碳测年。原子序数在核化学和物理学中也发挥着重要作用。具有较高原子序数的元素往往不太稳定且更具放射性，这对能源生产和医学应用有重要影响。理解原子序数如何影响元素的稳定性，可以推动核医学等领域的发展，其中放射性同位素用于诊断和治疗。此外，原子序数对于电子配置的研究至关重要。中性原子的周围电子数量等于原子序数。这些电子排列在不同的能级中，它们的配置决定了元素如何与其他元素结合。例如，外层电子完全充满的元素通常是惰性的，不会轻易形成化合物，而外层几乎满或几乎空的元素则更具反应性。总之，原子序数是化学中一个重要的概念，它作为解锁元素及其相互作用奥秘的关键。它不仅识别元素，还提供对其性质、行为和与其他元素关系的深入了解。通过理解原子序数，我们可以更好地欣赏周围自然世界的复杂性和美丽，从最简单的氢原子到最复杂的重金属。对原子序数的研究不仅仅是学术练习；它是科学和技术进步的基础，影响着从能源生产到医疗疗法的一切。